Objective To observe the ocular features and analyze the cause of misdiagnosis of intraocular nonHodgkin's lymphoma (IONHL). Methods A retrospective study was performed in 6 patients and related literatures were reviewed. The age of those patients was 46 to 68 yrs with an average of 562 yrs. Four cases were female, two cases were male. Five patients were unilateral and one case was bilateral case. All patients were investigated by Goldmann tonometer, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and ophthalmic Bscan. Pathological samples come from enucleation and vitrectomy, and were analyzed histologically and immunohistochemically. Results Ophthalmological signs of IONHL included decrease visual acuity, red eye, aqueous flare; keratic precipitates (Kp), vitreous opacity, retinal detachment and multiple whiteyellow retinal lesions of different sizes and fuzzy boundaries. IONHL patients were always misdiagnosed as diverse and nonspecific symptoms and signs, two cases were misdiagnosed as retinitis or chorioiditis, one case as intermediate uveitis, one case as secondary glaucoma in uveitis. The duration from onset of symptom and sign to a final diagnosis was from 6 months to 24 months with an average of 13.3 months. Conclusions The clinical manifestation of IONHL was diverse and non-specific，and this disease was unknown to lots of doctors and easily be misdiagnosed.
Objective To observe the clinical features and investigate the method of treatment for vasoproliferative tumors of the retina (VTR). Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 17 VTR patients (17 eyes) who had undergone examination of ocular funds, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), and B ultra-scanning examination, including 1 treated by photodynamic therapy (PDT) and 7 treated by photocoagulation. Pathological examination and photocoagulation was performed on 1 patient who was found with VTR when undergoing vitrectomy. Results Single or multiple red or yellowish tumor lesions were found in ocular fundi of all of the 17 eyes associated with intraretinal and subretinal exudations (100％), haemorrhages (n=10, 58.82％), retinal detachment (n=5, 29.41％), exudative changes at the macula (n=9, 52.94％), and vitreous haemorrhage (n=1, 5.88％). The lesions located at the inferio-temporal quadrant was found in 8 eyes (47.06％), at the superio-temporal quadrant in 7 (41.18％), and at the inferio-and superio-nasal quadrant in 1 (5.88％), respectively. The result of B ultra-scanning indicated that 16 patients had the lesions on the retina. The result of FFA demonstrated the leakage of the fluorescein of the tumor at the early stage. The tumor became smaller in size of the patient treated by PDT,and in 7 patients undergone photocoagulation, 2 revealed slightly shrunken lesions and 1 less leakage. Conclusions The clinical features of VTR were red or yellowish tumedity lesions in ocular fundi with intraretinal and subretinal exudations. The examination of B ultra-scanning and FFA may help to diagnose VTR. PDT and photocoaguation are effective on controlling the lesion but are of no avail for the improvement of visual acuity. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2006, 22:177-180)
Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of retinal angioma. Methods The clinical data of 16 cases(20 e yes) were retrospectively analyzed, and the patients included 5 males and 11 females of 23.3 yeras old on average. Four cases in this series affected by bilateral retinal angiomas were identified as von Hippel-Lindou disease. The retinal an giomas were divided into 5 stages according to their degrees of developmnet from simple angiom without vessel dilation to feeder vessel dilation and intraretina l exudates, local retinal detachemnt, massive retinal detachment and complication occurrence in proper order. The methods of treatment were laser photocoagulati on, trans-scleral cryotherapy and vitreoretinal surgery. The patinets were followed up for 37.8 months on average. Results There were 10 eyes (2 in stage 1, 7 in stage 2, 1 in stage 3)treated with laser photocoagulation, and all of the angiomas were controlled after the treatment. The visual acuity im proved in 2 eyes, decreased in 4 eyes, and remained unchanged in 4 eyes. Cryothe r apy was performed on 7 eyes(5 in stage 3, 2 in stage 4). The visual deteriortion was found in 5 eyes; and the state of illness was stable in 3 eyes in stage 3 a nd aggravating in 4 eyes (2 in stage 3, 2 in stage 4). Vitreoretinal surgery was performed on 4 eyes including 2 which had been given photocoagulation, and the visual acuity improved in 2 eyes, decreased in 1 eye, and was unimproved in 1 ey e . The visual acuity decreased to no light perception in an untreated eye after 1.5 year follow-up. New angiomas occurred in 3 eyes with Von Hippel-Lindou disease in the follow-up period. Conclusion Laser photocoagulation is effective in treating the angiomas from stage 1 to 3. Cryotherapy can cause massive exudation and proliferation, and it is only suitable for a few patients in stage 3. The visual prognosis is more favorable in vitreoretinal surgery tha n other therapies for the patients in stage 4. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2001,17:296-298)