Objective To observe the clinical effects of surgical treatment of retinal detachment(RD) caused by macular hole(MH) in high myopia. Methods The clinical materials of 149 eyes of 149 high myopia patients with RD caused by MH were reviewed. The cases were divided into complete posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) group and incomplete PVD group. The anatomic successful rate of operative treatment was evaluated according to the applications of vitrectomy surgery and non-vitrectomy surgery respectively in each group. The visual acuity changes after the operations were also observed.Results The anatomic successful rates were as follow: 77.9% in total cases with vitrectomy surgery and 25.9% with non-vitrectomy surgery (P＜0.001); 75.5% in cases of incomplete PVD with vitrectomy surgery,and 15.0% with non-vitrectomy surgery (P＜0.001); and in non-vitrectomy cases, 57.1 % in complete PVD group and 15.0% in incomplete PVD group (P=0.05). The rates of visual improvement were 68.6% in complete PVD group and 57.0% in incomplete group (P＞0.05). Conclusions The scleral buckling combined with vitrectomy, gas intraocular tamponade and postoperative photocoagulation is an effective and optimal procedure for RD caused by MH in high myopia. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2003，19：8-10)