ObjectiveTo explore the infection condition of Acinetobacter baumannii at the Neurosurgery Intensive Care Unit (NICU), and analyze the possible risk factors. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of Acinetobacter baumannii infection patients with craniocerebral injury treated at the NICU between January 2011 and June 2013. We collected such information as infection patients' population distribution, infection site, invasive operations and patients' nurse-in-charge level and so on, and analyzed the possible risk factors for the infection. ResultsThirty-one patients were infected with Acinetobacter baumannii, and they were mainly distributed between 60 and 80 years old. The main infection site was lower respiratory tract, followed in order by urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, skin and soft tissue. The risk factors might be related to age, invasive operation, nurse working ability, etc. ConclusionThe patients at the NICU are vulnerable to infection of Acinetobacter baumannii. Reducing invasive diagnosis and nursing procedures, providing optimal care, and carrying out specialized nurse standardization training may be the important means to effectively reduce the infection.
ObjectiveTo summarize recent progress in surgical management of progressive hemifacial atrophy (PHA), to analyse the key features of various methods of treatment, and to define subjects worthy of further researches. MethodsThe publications concerning the etiology and surgical management of PHA were reviewed, analyzed, and summarized. ResultsSurgical management serves as the primary treatment, including flap transposition, tissue flap reconstruction, free tissue grafting, prosthetic implants, and other surgical treatments. Each method has its own advantages and limitations. At present, comprehensive treatment are considered to be the most commonly method for PHA. ConclusionThe combined use of various surgical methods is the trend of surgical management of PHA; effective treatments specific to the etiology and minimally invasive surgical methods are still to be developed.
ObjectiveTo study the Young's modulus obtained by the real-time shear wave elastography (SWE) in healthy adults' parotid gland and submaxillary gland and to explore the probable factors affecting the Young's modulus, such as bilateral parotid and submaxillary gland, sex, age, height and weight. MethodsThere were 35 healthy volunteers who underwent SWE in parotid gland and submaxillary gland between December 3 and 18, 2013. The difference of Young's modulus in bilateral parotid and submaxillary gland, and the modulus values of different sex, age, height and weight groups were also compared. ResultsThe Young's modulus of parotid gland was (8.14±1.78) kPa, and the Young's modulus of submaxillary gland was (11.52±2.34) kPa. The differences of Young's modulus between the two sides of parotid gland and submaxillary gland were not statistically significant (P>0.05); the differences of Young's modulus of parotid and submaxillary gland between different sex, age, height and weight groups had no statistical significance, either (P>0.05). ConclusionThe real-time shear wave elastography can be applied to evaluate the elasticity of parotid and submaxillary gland and to lay the foundation for further diagnosis of salivary lesions.