Objective To compare the outcome of uterine exteriorisation repair with in situ in caesarean section. Methods A randomized controlled trial with 220 cases were recruited. Woman with term singleton pregnancy underwent caesarean section and without severe complication were randomly allocated to the two groups (112 cases in exteriorisation group and 108 cases in situ group). Women in treatment group received exteriorisation when the uterus was sutured, While others had the uterus repaired in situ as control. Main outcome measures included perioperative haemodynamic parameters, loss of blood, changes in haemoglobin concentration, duration of operation, postoperative pain score and febrile days, gastrointestinal discomforts and function recovery as well as postoperative maternal morbidity.Data were analyzed by SPSS 11.0. Results Haemoglobin concentration dropped in both groups after caesarean section, and the drops in control group was significantly higher than that of treatment group (t=-2.902, P=0.004). In both groups, pulse before operation was markedly higher than when suturing the uterus and postoperation (Plt;0.05), but no difference was observed between the two groups. Systolic blood pressure of treatment group was lower than that of control group before operation, when suturing the uterus and after operation (F=5.246, P=0.022), but there was no difference among these 3 time points within the group. Onset of flatus was earlier in control group than in treatment group (t=5.567, P=0.000). No difference was identified between the two groups when receiving the different suturing methods. No severe maternal morbidity was observed.Conclusions Uterine exteriorisation and in situ repair have similar effects on intra- and postoperative outcomes. In routine process.