ObjectiveTo understand the current situation of hospital infection management related to the hospital maternity ward, learn the risks of infection, discover problems existing in hospital infection management, and seek appropriate solutions for hospital infection. MethodsBetween January 2011 and December 2012, using uniform questionnaire for prospective survey and field interviews, we investigated the hospital infection situation in medical health care workers, pregnant women, and live newborns. ResultsA total of 2 225 questionnaires were retreated with a retreat rate of 100%. Hospital infection occurred in 23 cases, of which 15 cases were maternal infection (1.35%) and 8 cases were neonate infection (0.72%). Maternal infection was mainly focused on reproductive tract, surgery incision and urinary tract. Neonate infection was mainly focused on lower respiratory tract and skin. The management system of hospital infection in the maternity ward was basically strengthened, but the infection monitoring work was still not timely, and staff training in infection control knowledge was not in place. The overall environment, sterilization, disinfection and isolation should be strengthened, and there were also some other safety hazards. ConclusionThe management of infection in hospital maternity ward is the key to control the infection in maternity ward. The infection management seems perfect, but there are still some hidden dangers. The management system needs to be improved and the management should be implemented strictly according to the system, in order to avoid the occurrence of infection in maternity ward and ensure the safety of patients.
ObjectiveTo analyze the death causes of postoperative early-stage after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in rats, and to provide appropriate treatment strategies. MethodsThree hundreds of rat OLT models were performed by modified Kamada two-cuff technique. Operation time of each stage during OLT and postoperative survival time of rats were recorded and analyzed. According to survival time, the rats were divide into 4 groups:intraoperative death group (rats died during operation), < 6 hours group, 6-24 hours group, and > 24 hours group. Then comparison of operation time of each stage during OLT in rats of 4 groups was performed, and reasons of death during 24 hours after OLT were analyzed. ResultsOf the 300 OLT models, 37 rats died during operation (12.33%), 51 rats died within 6 hours after operation (17.00%), 76 rats died during 6-24 hours after operation (25.33%), and 136 rats survived longer than 24 hours (45.34%). The most common death causes of < 6 hours group were as follows:lose too much blood during the operation (27.45%, 14/51), postoperative bleeding (27.45%, 14/51), and vascular embolization (15.69%, 8/51). However, the most common death causes of 6-24 hours group were as follows:angiostenosis (27.63%, 21/76), postoperative bleeding (21.05%, 16/76), and pulmonary edema (19.74%, 15/76). There were significant differences in the cold ischemia time and anhepatic phase among the 4 groups (P < 0.05). The cold ischemia time and anhepatic phase of intraoperative death group were longer than those of other 3 groups (P < 0.05), in addition, the cold ischemia time of > 24 hours group was shorter than those of other 3 groups (P < 0.05). ConclusionsThere are many reasons leading to the early death after OLT. The long time of anhepatic phase and the cold ischemia time, intraoperative and postoperative bleeding, thrombosis, angiostenosis, and pulmonary edema are key factors for the improvement of prognosis in rats after OLT operation. Improvements of the reasons above are helpful to improve the successful rate of modeling and quality of OLT rats.