Objective To construct the recombinant of hepatocellular carcinoma-targeting adenovirus containing r-Caspase-3 gene and provide the gene therapic strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods The pAdTrack-EAFP-PALB was constructed and the r-Caspase-3 gene was subcloned into the vector. The linearized shuttle plasmid was homogenously recombined with AdEasy-1 in BJ5183 cells. The candidate clone was analyzed by restriction endonuclease digestion and sequencing, and then pAdEasy-EAFP-PALB/r-Caspase-3 vector was digested with PacⅠand transfected into AD293 cells for packaging and amplifying, recombinant virus was constructed successfully. Infection titer and efficiency of recombinant virus were monitored by green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression. The expression of r-Caspase-3 in infected HepG2 cells was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. The apoptosis of HepG2 cells was detected by SRB dyeing method. Results Shuttle vector pAdTrack-EAFP-PALB/r-Caspase-3 was correct after identification by restriction endonuclease analysis and sequencing. By PCR and PacⅠ restriction endonuclease analysis， the homologous recombinant of pAdEasy-EAFP-PALB/r-Caspase-3 was successful. The expression of GFP was observed when linearized pAdEasy-EAFP-PALB/r-Caspase-3 was transfected into AD293 cells. AD293 cells could be infected repeatedly by recombinant adenovirus. The expression of r-Caspase-3 gene on HepG2 cells was detected by RT-PCR and Western-blot methods respectively, which confirmed that the Ad-EAFP-PALB/r-Caspase-3 was constructed successfully. The specificity of Ad-EAFP-PALB/r-caspase-3 which targeting induced hepatocellular carcinoma cells was founded by SRB dyeing test. Conclusion The Recombinant of hepatocellular carcinoma-targeting adenovirus containing r-Caspase-3 gene was constructed successfully and which established the foundation of r-Caspase-3 gene therapy in future research to hepatocellular carcinoma.
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents for advanced renal cell carcinoma. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CBMdisc and China Academic Periodical database from the establishment of each database to April 2009. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated anti-VEGF agents (sunitinib, sorafenib and bevacizumab). The quality of the included trials was evaluated by two reviewers independently. Meta-analyses were conducted by the Cochrane Collaboration’s RevMan 4.2 software. Results Four RCTs involving 2 320 patients were identified. According to the different interventions for advanced renal cell carcinoma, we divided the patients into two groups: anti-VEGF agents monotherapy and anti-VEGF agents plus interferon combination treatment. Our meta-analyses showed: monotherapy was superior to interferon on inhibition of tumor progression [OR=0.38, 95%CI (0.29, 0.51), Plt;0.01] and control of tumor [OR=2.53, 95%CI (1.87, 3.43), Plt;0.01], but was not significantly different from interferon on the overall effective rate [OR=1.97, 95%CI (0.20, 19.57), P=0.56] and serious side effects [OR=1.98, 95%CI (0.90, 4.34), P=0.09]. There were significant differences between anti-VEGF agents plus interferon and interferon alone on inhibition of tumor progression [OR=0.67, 95%CI (0.53, 0.84), P=0.000 5], overall effective rate [OR=2.65, 95%CI (1.94, 3.61), Plt;0.01], control of tumor [OR=2.14, 95%CI (1.65, 2.78), Plt;0.01] and serious side effects [OR=2.63, 95%CI (2.09, 3.31), Plt;0.01]. Conclusion Compared with interferon, anti-VEGF agents could inhibit tumor progression more effectively. Moreover, the combination therapy with interferon could offer a more favorable overall effective rate for advanced renal cell carcinoma, but then followed by more serious side effects. We need to weigh the merits and demerits of drugs before making a clinical decision for advanced renal cell carcinoma.
Magnetic ferrite nanoparticles (MFNPs) have great application potential in biomedical fields such as magnetic resonance imaging, targeted drugs, magnetothermal therapy and gene delivery. MFNPs can migrate under the action of a magnetic field and target specific cells or tissues. However, to apply MFNPs to organisms, further modifications on the surface of MFNPs are required. In this paper, the common modification methods of MFNPs are reviewed, their applications in medical fields such as bioimaging, medical detection, and biotherapy are summarized, and the future application directions of MFNPs are further prospected.
Objective To explore the effect of antihypertensive treatment on target-organ damage in very elderly patients (gt;80 years). Methods One hundred and sixty-seven very elderly hypertensive patients were randomized into two groups, i.e. anti-hypertension treatment group and placebo-control group. All the patients received echocardiographic examination of left ventricular mass index, laboratory tests of urinary creatinine and urinary albumin and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring 2 months after placebo washout period and at the end of the one year treatment, respectively. Results After treatment, the improvement in all the dynamic blood pressure parameters except daytime diastolic blood pressure and heart rate(24 h, daytime and night time), were significantly better than that of placebo-control group(Plt;0.05).The improvement in left ventricular and renal functional parameters were significantly better than that of placebo-control group(Plt;0.05). Conclusion Anti-hypertension treatment may significantly improve left ventricular pachynsis and renal function damage in very elderly hypertensive patients.
Objective To review the advances of target gene therapy of liver cancer. MethodsWe analyze and compare the tissuespecific carrier system or cellspecific gene expressing system from current researches of liver cancer gene therapy. ResultsArtificial synthetic DNA transfer system and modified viral vectors could efficiently transfect target cells and get highlevel expression. The ciselements of alpha fetal protein or albumin gene have been often adopted in the regulation of therapeutic gene and have shown their effectiveness. Some other gene therapy strategies also promised a good future. Conclusion Searching for more specific and universal liver cancer antigens is the key to improve the target gene therapy efficiency. The individual situation is the basis to select the best transfer system or regulatory elements in the future.
After pirfenidone and nintedanib showed efficacy, drug treatment for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis began to focused on anti-fibrosis. Current research on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis mainly focus on the pathogenesis and therapeutic targets, and more targeted drugs are gradually entering clinical trials. This article summarizes the results of recent studies on the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with pirfenidone and nintedanib alone or in combination by searching the literature, and reviews the mechanism and test results of the new target anti-fibrosis drugs based on molecular biology that are currently undergoing clinical research in various phases, and aims to provide a basis for how to choose drugs to treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
ObjectiveTo analyze and discuss the importance of non-catheter-related hospital infection in intensive care unit (ICU). MethodA prospective target monitoring of all the patients in the general ICU was carried out from January 2011 to December 2013. The hospital infection cases grouped by infection types were analyzed with SPSS 17.0. ResultsA total of 5 364 patients were monitored, 455 of whom had hospital infections totaled 616 times. The hospital infection rate was 11.5%. The amount and constituent ratio of the catheter-related infections showed a declining trend year by year, while the non-catheter-related infections revealed an escalating trend year by year. In these 455 patients, the mixed infection group had the longest hospital stay, followed by the catheter-related infection group and the non-catheter-related infection group (P<0.05). The catheter-related infection group had higher crude mortality rate than both of the mixed infection group and the non-catheter-related infection group (P<0.017). ConclusionsNon-catheter-related infections which get higher and higher proportion in ICU hospital infections should be paid more attention to, while catheter-related infections which could prolong hospitalization and increase the risk of death in ICU patients, remain the focus of the target monitoring of hospital infection in ICU.
Metastatic renal cell carcinoma accounts for 20%-30% of newly diagnosed renal cell carcinoma and its prognosis is poor. It is not sensitive to radiotherapy or chemotherapy, and traditional cytokine therapy has limited efficacy in patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. In recent years, with the emergence of targeted drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors, the survival of patients with metastatic renal cancer has been greatly improved. This article reviews treatment and research progress of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. It mainly introduces the medical treatment, including cytokine therapy, targeted therapy and emerging immunotherapy, and further analyzes the value of cytoreductive nephrectomy in the context of targeted therapy. The purpose of this article is to provide evidence for reasonable choices of treatment regimens in order to better guide clinical treatment.
With the development of photothermal nanomaterials, photothermal therapy based on near-infrared light excitation shows great potential for the bacterial infected wound treatment. At the same time, in order to improve the photothermal antibacterial effect of wound infection and reduce the damage of high temperature and heat to healthy tissue, the targeted bacteria strategy has been gradually applied in wound photothermal therapy. In this paper, several commonly used photothermal nanomaterials as well as their targeted bacterial strategies were introduced, and then their applications in photothermal antibacterial therapy, especially in bacterial infected wounds were described. Besides, the challenges of targeted photothermal antibacterial therapy in the wound healing application were analyzed, and the development of photothermal materials with targeted antibacterial property has prospected in order to provide a new idea for wound photothermal therapy.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the efficacy and safety of intravascular cooling versus surface cooling for induced mild hypothermia on the prognosis of patients with cardiac arrest (CA) after resuscitation.MethodsPubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI and WanFang Data databases were electronically searched to collect cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about the efficacy and safety of intravascular cooling versus surface cooling for CA patients after resuscitation from inception to July 2019. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies, then, meta-analysis was performed by using Stata 13.0 software.ResultsA total of 9 cohort studies and 3 RCTs involving 2 104 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: the rate of good neurological function was significantly higher (OR=1.45, 95%CI 1.18 to 1.78, P<0.001) and the induction time was significantly shorter (SMD=−1.35, 95%CI −2.34 to −0.36, P=0.008) in the intravascular cooling group, but there was no statistical difference in mortality between two groups (OR=0.84, 95%CI 0.70 to 1.00, P=0.053). In terms of complications related to mild hypothermia, the rate of excessive hypothermia (OR=0.27, 95%CI 0.18 to 0.41, P<0.001) and arrhythmia (OR=0.60, 95%CI 0.40 to 0.89, P=0.012) was significantly lower in the patients treated with intravascular cooling, but the incidence of coagulopathy was higher (OR=1.61, 95%CI 1.05 to 2.49, P=0.03). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of pneumonia between two groups (OR=1.20, 95%CI 0.94 to 1.53, P=0.147).ConclusionCurrent evidence shows that intravascular cooling has significant neurological protection for patients with CA compared with surface cooling since it can decrease the induction time and the rate of excessive hypothermia and arrhythmia, but it may have a negative effect on the coagulation function. Due to the limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.