OBJECTIVE To explore the healing mechanism of full-thickness wound treating by the intermingled skin transplantation of large sheet allograft with autograft through studying the expression of laminin (LN). METHODS Thirty-six SD rats with 10% to 15% of total body surface area (TBSA) full-thickness were made. After 3 days, the devitalized tissue were excised and transplanted a large sheet of allograft from Wistar rats and islets of autografts were implanted 3 days later. On day 3, 5, 7, 14, 21 after allografting, the expression of LN in the grafts were detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS On the 7th day postallografting, LN, which played positive action of epidermal cell adhesion, still retained in the allodermis after the rejection of alloepidermis occurred. On the 14th day postallografting, there appeared scattered LN underneath the epidermal cells migrating from islets of autografts. On the 21st day postallografting, LN in the basement membrane of skin grafts had completely formed. CONCLUSION The intermingled transplantation of large sheet allograft with autograft may provide components of basement membrane for wound healing, which may help to improve the appearance and function of skin.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the index of the rejection of lJle retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)cells transplantation. METHOD:Allogenic RPE transplantation on rahbits by transcleral technique, the changes of interleukin-2 (IL-2) activity in peripheral blood and the effect of immunoinhibitor (methylprednisonlone)were detected. RESLILTS:In the group of simple transplantation,the IL-2 activity in peripheral blood begin to rise in the first day after operation. The peak value occured in the third day,and is still much higher than that of the control group in the 14th day,whereas in the group treated with immunoinhibitor ,there was no obvious difference in the first day after operatlon,in the third day,the IL-2 activity rises slightly,and returned to normal level in the 7th day. CONCLUSION: After RPE transplantation, the level of IL-2 activity in peripheral blood might serve as an important index to determining and detecting the rejective response. （Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1996,12: 239-241）
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the cl inical effect of transplanting by auto-fat granule injection for mastatrophy post suckl ing. Methods From March 2000 to June 2006, 73 patients(146 breasts ) with mastatrophy post suckl ing were treated by transplanting auto-fat granule. The mastatrophy occurred between ages 28 and 52 years with a median of 37 years post suckl ing. The breasts shrank and their elasticity decreased gradually within 2-10 years post suckl ing. The autofat granule was obtained by l iposuction with syringe from patient’s abdomen, waist, buttocks and thighs, etc. After repeated wash and purification, the auto-fat granule was transplanted into the interspace behind the breast by injection. The quantity of auto-fat granule was 50-100 mL in each side of breast per transplantation at 3-6 months intervals, and the whole course of treatment needed 2-6 transplantations. Results The incisions in all cases healed primarily postoperatively. In 73 cases, 65 were followed up from 6 months to 3 years post operation. All patients had a significant improvement in their breast size and shape postoperatively and their breasts were soft and natural in appearance and feel. All of them had more perfect arcuation ofphysique and body with strengthened self-confidence, rel ieved mood and improved qual ity of l ife. However, small indurations were found sporadically in 7 cases (10 breasts) within 2-7 months, and calcifications in 5 cases (8 breasts) within 9-14 months post the first operation. Conclusion The transplantation by auto-fat granule injection for mastatrophy post suckl ing is an effective and practical method. The surgical technique is well worth performing in cl inical practice.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effect of flap transplantation in repairing soft tissue defects of children. METHODS: From January 1997 to May 2002, 75 cases of different soft tissue defects (52 males and 23 females, with the age of 3-14 years) were repaired by axial and non-axial flaps transfer, and axial flaps transplantation by microvascular anastomosis. The flaps area ranged from 3 cm x 5 cm to 15 cm x 42 cm. Emergency operation was performed in 26 cases and secondary operation in 49 cases (infective wound such as osteomyelitis and plate extra-exposed of fracture). The defect regions included the forearm, back of the hand, thumb, index finger, leg and foot. The types of flap graft and application range included 39 cases of axial flaps transfer or transplantation (27 cases of along- or contra-transfer of transplantation and 12 cases of microvascular anastomosis). The non-axial flaps transfer were designed along- or contra-transfer near the wound area in 36 cases. The ratio of length to width was 2.5:1-3.5:1 in 27 cases, and larger than 3.5:1 in 9 cases. Adequate anesthesia method should be chosen according to the characteristics of children, non-traumatic operating during surgery and postoperative supervision and nursing of flaps should also be paid enough attention. RESULTS: After operation, blood circulation crisis occurred in 2 cases (1 case of artery failure and 1 case of vein failure). The flaps survived in 37 cases and partially survived in 1 case and necrosed in 1 case. The survival rate was 96.2%. The postoperative follow-up period was 3 to 60 months, the blood supply, elasticity and texture of flaps were good. The effect of repair was satisfactory. CONCLUSION: Different types of transplantation of blood-supply of flaps may repair the different types of soft tissue defects in children. Free flap transplantation is safe and beneficial in children, different defects of soft tissue were repaired by axial and non-axial flaps transfer, axial flaps transplantation by microvascular anastomosis. Non-traumatic operating and postoperative supervision and nursing of flaps should also be paid enough attention.
OBJECTIVE To investigate a good method for repairing the long bone defect of tibia combined with soft tissue defect. METHODS From 1988-1998, sixteen patients with long bone defect of tibia were admitted. There were 12 males, 4 females and aged from 16 to 45 years. The length of tibia defect ranged from 7 cm to 12 cm, the area of soft tissue defect ranged from 5 cm x 3 cm to 12 cm x 6 cm. Free fibula grafting was adopted in repairing. During operation, the two ends of fibular artery were anastomosised with the anterior tibial artery of the recipient, and the composited fibular flap were transplanted. RESULTS All grafted fibula unioned and the flap survived completely. Followed up for 6 to 111 months, 14 patients acquired the normal function while the other 2 patients received arthrodesis of the tibial-talus joint. In all the 16 patients, the unstable ankle joint could not be observed. CONCLUSION The modified method is characterized by the clear anatomy, the less blood loss and the reduced operation time. Meanwhile, the blood supply of the grafted fibula can be monitored.
Objective To investigate the effect of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) activity on rat liver transplantation model. Methods One hundred and thirty-seven rats were divided into 4 groups. Study control group (n＝44)： 24 h before operation, saline 5 ml/kg was infused into peritoneal cavity of donor rats; Hemin group (n＝44)： hemin 100 mg/kg was infused into peritoneal cavity of donor rats 24 h before operation, and hemin 100 mg/kg was infused into portal vein during the preserve time in 4 ℃ saline； ZnPP group (n＝44)： ZnPP 5 mg/kg was infused into peritoneal cavity of donor rats 24 h before operation, and ZnPP 5 mg/kg was infused into portal vein during the preserve time in 4 ℃ saline； Normal control group (n＝5)： normal rats as normal control group. Expressions of HO-1 protein and mRNA were detected with immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR technique respectively. The apoptosis rate of hepatocytes was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results Expression of HO-1 mRNA in the liver of hemin group after transplantation was higher than that in study control group obviously, serum ALT and AST levels were lower than those in study control group (P＜0.05); HO-1 mRNA expression in ZnPP group liver was lower than that in study control group, serum ALT and AST levels were higher than those in study control group (P＜0.05). About liver cell apoptosis rate 48 h after liver transplantation, ZnPP group was the highest, hemin group was the minimum, and there had a significant difference between two groups (P＜0.05). Seven days after transplantation, the survival ratios of control study group, hemin group and ZnPP group were 7/12, 9/12 and 4/12 in turn, the inter-group differences had statistical significance (P＜0.05). Conclusion Activity of HO-1 could be induced by the transplant operation. HO-1 increases the survival rate after liver transplantation which was related with reducing apoptotic ratio of hepatocyte and improve hepatic function.
Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of fibula flap grafts on the repair of the extremities with traumatic compound tissue defects. Methods In 12 cases, the fibula flap grafts were employed to restore the extremities with traumatic compound tissue defects. Of the 12 patients, 9 were males, 3 were females; their ages ranged from 12 to 45. There were 2 cases of tibia defect combined with fibula fracture, 2 cases of tibia defect, 2 cases of radius defect, 3 cases of ulna defect, 1 case of calcaneus defect,and 2 cases of firstmetatarsus defect. The bone defect length ranged from 4.2 to 10.6 cm, 7.8 cm in average.The skin defect area ranged from 10.0 cm×4.5 cm to 27.0 cm×15.0 cm. The free transplantation of fibular flaps were used in 9 cases, the lapse operation were used in 2 cases, retrograde shift were used in 1 case. Results Postoperational vein crisis and commonperoneal nerve traction injury were observed in category mentioned above respectively. All the 12 fibula flaps survived after proper treatments such as removalof great saphenous vein. Follow-ups were done for 6 to 24 months. Both the transferred fibula and the recipient broken end reflected bones were healed. Four patients underwent the second-phase reconstruction operation oftendon moving power. One wrist and 1 ankle underwent arthrodesis in 3 to 6 months.All the effects were satisfactory. Conclusion The fibula flap grafts provide arelatively better alternative to repair the extremities with long bone compoundtissue defects. In addition, the sensory function reconstruction of fibula flaps should be given full attention.
Objective To investigate the myogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) after being transplanted into the local muscle tissues. Methods The serious muscleinjured model was established by the way of radiation injury, incising, and freezing injury in 36 mouses. Purified MSCs derived from bone marrow of male mouse and MSCs induced by5-azacytidine(5-Aza-CR) were transplanted into the local of normal muscle tissues and injured muscle tissues of femal mouse. The quantity of MSCs and the myogenic differentiation of implanted MSCs were detected by the method of double labeling, which included fluorescence in situ DNA hybridization (FISH) and immuno-histochemistry on the 1st, 3rd, 6th, 9th, 12th, and 15th day after transplantation. Results The quantity of implanted MSCs decreased as timepassed. MSCs’ differentiation into myoblasts and positive expression of desmin were observed on the 15th day in purified MSCs group and on the 6th day in induced MSCs groups. Conclusion MSCs could differentiate into myoblasts after being implanted into the local of muscle tissues. The differentiationoccurs earlier in the induced MSCs group than that in purified MSCs group.
Objective To assess the variation and its significance of messenger ribonucleic acid(mRNA) expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in allografts of common carotid transplantation model in white rabbits. Methods To establish an animal model of common carotid transplantation in vivo, 30 rabbits were divided into four groups with random number table. Group A (n=3): autografts; group B (n=9): allografts with the least treated; group C (n=9): allografts treated by penicillin/streptomycin and preserved under room temperature; group D (n=9): allografts treated by penicillin/streptomycin and cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. All the transplanted grafts were harvested 1-3 weeks later, then compared and evaluated the histomorphological variation and eNOS mRNA expression. Results The vascular structures of autografts in group A were kept approximately normal, only a few infiltration of inflammatory cells could be found. The structural variations of allografts in other trial groups behaved similarly as, intima proliferation in the 1st week, intima hyperplasia in the 2nd week, and both intima and media hypertrophy in the 3rd week. And also there seemed that luminal thrombosis could be found in all the allografts. Allografts in group B were destructed utmost the worst in all the groups. The expression of eNOS mRNA in allografts of group B was significantly less than that in other groups (Plt;0.05). Conclusion The down-regulation of eNOS mRNA expression might lead to intima hyperplasia and thrombosis of allografts.
【Abstract】 Objective To review the research progress of possible mechanism of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase(IDO) in immunological regulation and function of transplantation immunity. Methods The advances in the IDO location, immunological regulatory mechanism and function of transplantation immunity were introduced based on the recent related l iterature. Results IDO played an immunoregulatory role by locally depleting tryptophan in tissue microenvironment which resulted in immunosuppression of allogeneic T-cell prol iferation. IDO cDNA was del ivered to chromosome in interesting cells by gene transfection and stimulated to express, which was associated with a prolongation in allograft survival in vivo . Conc lu sion IDO offers a new way in transplantation immunity, and this provid novel method for elevating allograft survival rate.