Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of ultrashort wave (USW) for prevention and treatment of vascular crisis after rat tail replantation. Methods Eighty 3-month old female Sprague Dawley rats (weighing 232.8-289.6 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups. In each group, based on the caudal vein and the coccyx was retained, the tail was cut off. The tail artery was ligated in group A; the tail artery was anastomosed in groups B, C, D, and E to establish the tail replantation model. After surgery, the rats of group B were given normal management; the rats of group C were immediately given intraperitoneal injection (3.125 mL/kg) of diluted papaverine hydrochloride injection (1 mg/mL); the rats of groups D and E were immediately given the local USW treatment (once a day) at anastomotic site for 5 days at the dosage of 3 files and 50 mA for 20 minutes (group D) and 2 files and 28 mA for 20 minutes (group E). The survival rate of the rat tails was observed for 10 days after the tail replantation. The tail skin temperature difference between proximal and distal anastomosis was measured at pre- and post-operation; the change between postoperative and preoperative temperature difference was calculated. The blood plasma specimens were collected from the inner canthus before operation and from the tip of the tail at 8 hours after operation to measure the content of nitric oxide (NO). Results The survival rates of the rat tails were 0 (0/14), 36.4% (8/22), 57.1% (8/14), 22.2% (4/18), and 75.0% (9/12) in groups A, B, C, D, and E, respectively, showing significant overall differences among 5 groups (χ2=19.935, P=0.001); the survival rate of group E was significantly higher than that of group B at 7 days (P lt; 0.05), but no significant difference was found between the other groups by pairwise comparison (P gt; 0.05). At preoperation, there was no significant difference in tail skin temperature difference among 5 groups (P gt; 0.05); at 8 hours, 5 days, 6 days, and 7 days after operation, significant overall difference was found in the change of the skin temperature difference among groups (P lt; 0.05); pairwise comparison showed significant differences after operation (P lt; 0.05): group B gt; group D at 8 hours, group C gt; group D at 5 days, groups A, B, and C gt; group D at 6 days, groups B and C gt; groups A and E, and group B gt; group D at 7 days; but no significant difference was found between the other groups at the other time points (P gt; 0.05). Preoperative plasma NO content between each group had no significant difference (P gt; 0.05). The overall differences had significance in the NO content at postopoerative 8 hours and in the change of the NO content at pre- and post-operation among groups (P lt; 0.05). Significant differences were found by pairwise comparison (P lt; 0.05): group D gt; groups A, B, and C in the plasma NO content, group D gt; groups A and B in the change of the NO content at pre- and post-operation; but no significant difference was found between the other groups by pairwise comparison (P gt; 0.05). Conclusion Rat tail replantation model in this experiment is feasible. USW therapy can increase the survival rate of replanted rat tails, reduce skin temperature at 7 days, improve blood supply, increase the content of nitric oxide at the early period and prevent vascular crisis.
In order to investigate the therapeutic effects of ultrashort wave and He-Ne laser on experimentally infected skin flaps, 24 lower abdominal skin flaps on 24 rabbits were established, under each flap 1 ml of S. aureus (9 x 10(8) bacterials/ml) was injected respectively. Then, ultrashort wave and He-Ne laser were utilized respectively in 2 groups once a day for 6 days, with on treatment in two another two groups as control groups. After the period of treatment, the 4 groups were evaluated in the bacterial amounts, thickness of skin flaps and degree of infection. The results showed that the skin flaps in the treatment groups were much better than those in the control groups. It suggested that both the ultrashort wave and He-Ne laser are helpful in the treatment of infection of S. aureus in skin flaps.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute infectious respiratory disease. Ultrashort wave diathermy (USWD) for COVID-19 is recommended by some consensuses on COVID-19 rehabilitation diagnosis and treatment, while it is not mentioned in some other experts consensuses. Because the virus that causes COVID-19 is new and there are few related studies, this paper summarizes the research evidence and possible mechanisms of USWD in the treatment of viral pneumonia, and discusses the factors that need to be considered in the treatment of COVID-19. In this paper, it is suggested that before high-quality research evidence being obtained and under the condition of limited understanding of the pathogenesis and disease development of COVID-19, the application of USWD in COVID-19 should be cautious. To provide scientific and practical research evidence for the treatment of COVID-19 by USWD may be an urgent problem to be solved at present.