Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of low-dose urokinase plus conventional treatment versus conventional treatment alone in patients with unstable angina. Methods We searched the database PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, SCI, CBM, CNK, VIP and Wanfang database on line by computer, and handsearched relevant professional journals by two independent screening and extract information. The quality of the included documents was evaluated by the criterion of Cochrane handbook 4.2.6. The cochrane collaboration’s Revman 4.2.10 software was used for data analyses. Results A total of 19 randomized controlled trials were included (2 273 patients) Meta-analyses showed that the low-dose urokinase group was better than the conventional treatment group in efficiency [OR= 4.18, 95%CI (3.24, 5.41)] and ECG [OR= 2.81, 95%CI (2.04, 3.88)], and there were no differences between the two groups in cardiovascular outcomes [OR= 0.74, 95%CI (0.44,1.24)], mucocutaneous bleeding [OR= 1.43, 95%CI (0.90, 2.28)], gums bleeding [OR= 1.88, 95%Cl (0.46, 7.70)] and microscopic hematuria [OR= 3.82, 95%CI (0.77, 18.92)]. Conclusion The low dose urokinase group is higher efficient than the conventional treatment group. As the samples of the included studies are small and their quality is low, more randomized, double-blind, high-quality and big- sample trials are required.
Objective To investigate the expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) mRNA in gastric cancer tissues and cancer-adjacent tissues and the relationship between its expression and biologic behavior of tumor. Methods Fourty-eight cases with gastric cancer were detected for the expression of uPA mRNA by fluorogenic probe quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR). Results The positive expression rate of uPA mRNA was 83.3%, 25.0%, 93.8% and 62.5% in gastric cancer tissues,cancer-adjacent tissues, gastric cancer tissues with lymph node metastasis and with non-lymph node metastasis respectively. Expression of uPA mRNA was positively related with the invasion depth of gastric cancer. Conclusion Expression of uPA mRNA is significantly increased in gastric cancer and it can be used as an indicator to judge the metastasis and prognosis of tumor.
Objective To compare the effects of heparin versus urokinase injection intrapleurally in the management of pleural thickening and adhesion due to tuberculous exudative pleurisy. Methods Sixty patients with tuberculous pleurisy were allocated into three groups randomly. Sodium heparin ( heparin group) , urokinase ( urokinase group) , and 0. 9% saline ( control group) were intrapleurally injected respectively. The concentrations of fibrinogen and D-dimer in pleural effusion were measured before and after the injection. The duration of absorption and the total drainage volume of pleural effusion were recorded. The pleural thickness and adhesion were observed two months after the injection. Results In 72 hours after the intrapleural injection, the concentration of fibrinogen( g/L) in the pleural effusion was significantly increased in the heparin group( 1. 13 ±0. 44 vs 0. 34 ±0. 19, P lt; 0. 001) , and significantly decreased in the urokinase group( 0. 25 ±0. 16 vs 0. 38 ±0. 15, P lt; 0. 05) when compared with baseline. Concentrations of D-dimer in the pleural effusions were significantly higher than those at baseline in both the heparin group and the urokinase group( 57. 0 ±17. 6 vs 40. 0 ±15. 4, P lt; 0. 05; 74. 5 ±16. 4 vs 43. 8 ±14. 9, P lt; 0. 001) . There were no significant differences in the absorption duration of pleural effusion among the three groups( P gt;0. 05) . The total drainage volume of pleural effusion was higher in the heparin group and the urokinase group compared to the control group( P lt;0. 01) . And the total volume of pleural effusion was significantly higher in the heparin group and the urokinase group than that in the control group( 2863 mL and 2465 mL vs 1828 mL,P lt;0. 01) . Two months after the intervention, the pleura were thinner[ ( 1. 37 ±0. 82) mm and ( 1. 33 ±0. 85) mmvs ( 3. 06 ±1. 20) mm, P lt; 0. 01] and the incidence of pleural adhesion was significantly lower[ 15% and 20% vs 50% , P lt; 0. 05] in the heparin and the urokinase groups than those in the control group.Conclusion Intrapleural heparin has similar effects with urokinase for prevention pleural thickness andadhesion in tuberculous pleurisy with good availability and safety.
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of intrapleural urokinase treatment for unloculated tuberculous pleural effusion. Methods Chinese Conference Data, Chinese Biomedical Database, VIP Database,Wanfang Database, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Evidence-based Medical Evaluation Database were searched up to February 2012, and the studies as references of eligible articles were also searched. Randomized controlled trials were included for evaluating the efficacy of intrapleural urokinase treatment for unloculated tuberculous pleural effusion. Mean difference MD and 95% confidence interval ( 95% CI) were calculated for the efficacy of urokinase in the treatment. After the test for heterogeneity, forest map was used to analyze the efficacy of intrapleural urokinase treatment. The funnel plot was used to discuss the publication bias. Results Nine randomized controlled trials met all eligible criteria. This meta-analysis indicated that compared with the conventional treatment, the urokinase treatment increased total drainage( pumping liquid) ( P lt; 0. 000 01) , decreasd residual pleural thickening ( P lt; 0. 000 01) , improved lung function with significant increase in FEV1% pred ( P lt; 0. 000 01) . Conclusions Compared with the conventional treatment( anti-tubercular treatment in combination with pumping pleural effusion) , the treatment which injects urokinase to chest cavity can increase total pleural effusion, decrease residual pleural thickening, and improve the lung function.
Objective To inspect the effects of recombinant staphylokinase (r-Sak) and the changes of fibrinolytic activity in the systemic circulation in the treatment of experimental central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO)． Methods The animal model of CRAO in 15 cats (30 eyes) was set up by laser irradiating a branch of central retinal artery after intravenous injection of 3% rose bengal，and then the arterial thrombi were dissolved by intravenous injection of r-Sak and urokinase (UK)．The pat ency of the arteries was evaluated by FFA．Moreover，the changes of fibrinolitic activity in the blood were examined by phlebotomizing． Results The model of CRAO was successfully set up.Four hours after injection of thrombolysis drugs,the completely reopened proportion in r-Sak group was 100%，while in UK group the proportion was 60%．At the same time， no significant systemic fibinnolytic activation was observed in r-Sak group． Conclusions An experimental CRAO model,which has the similar pathological processes of occlusion of central retinal artery and intra arterial thrombosis as those in clinic，can be set up by using photochemical method，and r-rak is capable of lysing thrombus without significant activation of circulating plasminogen． (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2000，16：71-138)
Objective To explore the effect of renal microcirculation following severity acute pancreatitis （SAP） on renal injury and to explore the protection effect of urokinase on them. Methods A total of 192 Wistar rats were randomized divided into normal control group， SAP group， and urokinase group， then rats of 3 groups were sub-divided into 2， 6， 12， and 24 hours group， each group enrolled 16 rats. Of the 16 rats in each subgroup， 8 rats underwent blood flow of renal test， other 8 rats were sacrificed to get blood samples and to perform histopathological examination. The rat models of SAP were established by retrograde injecting with 5% sodium taurocholate into the cholangiopancreatic duct. Radioactive biomicrosphere technique was used to measure the blood flow of renal， levels of plasma thromboxane B2（TXB2） and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α （6-Keto-PGF1α） were tested by the TXB2 kit and 6-Keto-PGF1α kit， and histopa-thological changes of renal tissues were observed by using HE staining. Results Compared with normal control group at the same time point， the blood flow of renal were lower （P＜0.05）， activity ratio of TXB2 to 6-Keto-PGF1α were higher（P＜0.01）， and the histopathological injury were worse （P＜0.01） in rats of SAP group and urokinase group. Compared with SAP group， the blood flow of renal at 2， 6， and 12 hours in urokinase group were higher （P＜0.01）， the activity ratios of TXB2 to 6-Keto-PGF1α were lower （P＜0.01）， and the histopathological injury were lighter （P＜0.05） in all the 4 time points of urokinase group. Conclusions The renal microcirculation dysfunction and increase of activity ratio of TXB2 to 6-Keto-PGF1α may play an important role in renal injury following SAP in early stage. Urokinase can protect the renal from such injuries.
Objective Investigate the effect and treatment prospects of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor（uPAR）in human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 （HER-2） positive breast cancer. Method Aricals related effect of uPAR in HER-2 positive breast caner were retrieved through Pubmed， and the role of uPAR was reviewed. Results uPAR played a very important role in the HER-2 positive breast cancer， anti-uPAR monomer or uPAR binding inhibitors could inhibit the growth， invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells. Conclusion uPAR is one of the effective target for breast cancer， and it provides a new breakthrough in the treatment of HER-2 positive breast cancer.
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) mRNA and breast cancer, lymph node metastasis. MethodsSixty patients with breast tumor were selected randomly and the expression of uPA mRNA was detected with RT-PCR. The patients were divided into benign group (18 cases) and malignant group (42 cases) which included 22 cases with lymph node metastasis and 20 cases without lymph node metastasis. The relationship between uPA mRNA expression and breast cancer, lymph node metastasis was analyzed. ResultsAmong these 18 benign tumors, low expression of uPA mRNA was found in 2 cases and the others were negative. While in 42 cases of malignant tumor, uPA mRNA were positive in 22 cases of lymph node metastasis, 16 of which were high expression, 5 of which were moderate expression, and 1 was low expression. uPA mRNA were positive in 18 of 20 cases of nonmetastatic lymph node, 1 of which was high expression, 5 of which were moderate expression and 12 of which were low expression, the other 2 were negative expression. The expression of uPA mRNA had significant difference between benign and malignant tumors (P＜0.05). The expression in lymph node metastasis was much higher than no lymph node metastasis (P＜0.05). ConclusionThe expression of uPA mRNA in malignant breast cancer is obviously higher than that in benign breast tumor. The expression tensity of uPA is highly relevant to lymph node metastasis in malignant breast cancer, which can provide evidence for clinical staging and therapy.
ObjectiveTo study the expression of urokinase-type plasminogenactivator (uPA) and phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (P-GSK3β) in human colorectal adenocarcinoma and its significance. MethodsSeventy-eight samples of colorectal adenocarcinoma got during operation between January 2006 and December 2010 in Handan Central Hospital were chosen as the study subjects. The immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect uPA and P-GSK3β levels in the 78 cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma, 20 cases of normal colorectal mucosa and 30 cases of colorectal adenoma. ResultsThe positive expression rates of uPA and P-GSK3β in colorectal carcinoma were much higher than those in colorectal mucosa, colorectal polyps, and colorectal adenoma (P<0.05). The expressions of uPA and P-GSK3β were closely correlated with the differentiation, TNM and lymph nodes metastasis (P<0.05). ConclusionThe expression of uPA and P-GSK3β is closely related to the colorectal adenocarcinoma occurrence. Both of them are important biological markers in colorectal adenocarcinoma occurrence and development.
ObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic effect of kinetin on bleomycin A5 (BLM-A5)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. MethodsSixty female Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups. Group A (n=20) was intratracheally injected with saline as control. Group B (n=20) were intratracheally injected with BLM-A5 to establish pulmonary fibrosis model. Group C (n=20) was intratracheally injected with BLM-A5 and received intraperitoneal injection of kinetin at 0.5 mL/100 g once daily. The rats were sacrificed on the 3rd,7th,14th and 28th day respectively. HE and Masson staining were performed to observe lung pathological changes. The contents of hydroxyproline (HYP),urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA),tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA),and PAI-1 in lung and plasma were measured by ELISA. ResultsAlveolitis was most obvious on the 7th day and pulmonary fibrosis was most severe on the 28th day in group B compared with other two groups (P<0.05). Alveolitis and pulmonary fibrosis in group C were significantly alleviated compared with group B (P<0.05),but still more severe than group A (P<0.05). The HYP contents in group B,coincided with fibrosis,began to increase on the 7th day and reached the peak on the 28th day,significantly higher than those in other two groups (P<0.05). The u-PA contents of lung tissue in group B began to decline on the 3rd day,reached the minimum on the 7th day,and was still significantly lower than those in other two groups (P<0.05).On the 14th day, the u-PA contents had no significant difference among three groups. The u-PA plasma contents in group B began to decline on the 3rd day,reached the minimum and had significant difference compared with other two groups on the 7th day (P<0.05),and there was no significantly difference among three groups after the 14th day. The t-PA contents change of lung tissue and plasma in three groups were generally consistent with u-PA,but the t-PA plasma contents in group B were still significantly lower than those in group A on the 14th day (P<0.05). The PAI-1 contents of lung tissue in group B began to increase on the 3rd day,reached the maximum on the 7th day,was still significantly higher than those in other two groups (P<0.05),and there was no significant difference among three groups on the 14th day. The PAI-1 contents in group C decreased compared with those in group B (P<0.05),but still higher than those in group A (P<0.05),and there was no difference among them on the 14th day. The PAI-1 plasma contents in group B began to increase on the 3rd day,reached the maximum and was significantly higher than other two groups on the 7th day (P<0.05),and there was no significant difference among three groups on the 14th day. ConclusionThe contents of u-PA and t-PA are increased by inhibiting PAI-1 generation in lung tissue through kinetin treatment,so that,kinetin can suppress pulmonary fibrosis induced by BLM-A5.