ObjectiveTo understand the current research status of calorie restriction and calorie restriction mimetics in inflammatory diseases. MethodThe literatures about the effect of caloric restriction and caloric restriction mimetics on immune cells, inflammatory responses, and clinical applications were reviewed and analyzed. ResultsAs a dietary therapy, the caloric restriction affected the immune system and function by limiting daily energy intake, regulating cellular metabolic pathways and energy patterns, reducing the inflammatory reaction and improving body symptoms. A growing numbers of attention had been paid in aging, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, osteoarthritis, neurodegenerative diseases, etc. And it was found that some caloric restriction mimetics such as resveratrol, rapamycin, metformin, etc. could not only achieve similar effects with caloric restriction, but also did not need to strictly restrict diet. ConclisionsAlthough calorie restriction has been studied extensively, there is still no widely accepted and uniform calorie restriction protocol, which is challenging in clinical practice. The development of calorie restriction mimetics, which has similar effects to calorie restriction without requiring strict dietary restriction, is more in line with human physiology and is advantageous to patients. There is a certain understanding how these drugs can prevent inflammation by regulating metabolic pathways, and the relation between them is complex. In future, the knowledge proposed in new field of immunometabolism is preferred to prevent inflammation in age-related diseases, and anti-inflammatory drugs should be reused as a therapeutic option for treatment of age-related diseases.
【摘要】 目的 探讨腹部非胃、十二指肠手术后胃瘫综合征（postoperative gastroparesis syndrome，PGS）发生的高危因素。 方法 回顾分析2004年9月-2010年3月2 559例腹部非胃、十二指肠术后患者的临床资料，将患者分为PGS组和非PGS组，其中PGS组23例，非PGS组2 536例。 结果 比较PGS组和非PGS组间年龄、性别、术后开始进食时间、手术持续时间、是否为肿瘤晚期、有无贫血低蛋白血症、既往有无腹部手术史、术后早期有无营养支持等因素，χ2值分别为:19.687、0.018、0.346、48.243、21.801、16.803、24.679、0.870，P值分别是:lt;0.01、gt;0.05、gt;0.05、lt;0.01、lt;0.01、lt;0.01、lt;0.01、gt;0.05。 结论 年龄gt;65岁、手术持续时间gt;4 h、肿瘤晚期、既往有腹部手术史及贫血低蛋白血症是腹部非胃、十二指肠手术后PGS发生的高危因素。【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the risk factors of postoperative gastroparesis syndrome (PGS) after non-gastroduodenal abdominal surgery. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 2 559 patients who underwent non-gastroduodenal abdominal surgeries in our hospital between September 2004 and March 2010. We divided them into the PGS group with 23 patients and the non-PGS group with 2 536 patients. Results By comparing the age, the gender, the starting time of eating after surgery, the duration of surgery, whether the patients had advanced cancer, whether anemia or hypoproteinemia existed, whether the patients had a history of previous abdominal surgery, and whether nutritional support was provided early after operation between the PGS group and the non-PGS group, we found that the chi-square value was 19.687, 0.018, 0.346, 48.243, 21.801, 16.803, 24.679, 0.870 and the P value waslt;0.01, gt;0.05, gt;0.05, lt;0.01, lt;0.01, lt;0.01, lt;0.01, gt;0.05 respectively. Conclusion Over 65 years of age, the duration of surgery over four hours, advanced cancer, the history of previous abdominal surgery and anemia or hypoproteinemia are the risk factors of PGS after non-gastroduodenal abdominal surgery.