ObjectiveTo study the infiltration situation of breast cancer surface skin, and explore the characteristics of infiltration of breast cancer surface skin at the molecular level. MethodsNested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction technique was used to detect the expressions of human mammaglobin(hMAM)mRNA in 15 cases of hyperplasia of mammary gland tissues, 15 cases of breast fibroadenoma tissues, and 60 cases of breast cancer tissues and their corresponding tumor surface skins. The relationship of the hMAM mRNA expression in the surface skins of breast cancer tissue to its clinicopathologic characteristics was analyzed. ResultsThe hMAM mRNA positive expressions in the breast fibroadenoma tissues, hyperplasia of mammary gland tissues, and breast cancer tissues were 40.00%(6/15), 53.33%(8/15), and 83.33%(50/60), respectively, which in the breast cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in the breast fibroadenoma tissues or hyperplasia of mammary gland tissues(P < 0.05). There was no hMAM mRNA positive expression in the surface skin of fibroadenoma or hyperplasia of mammary gland tissues, but there was 3(5.00%)cases of the hMAM mRNA positive expressions in the breast cancer surface skin. The hMAM mRNA positive expression in the breast cancer surface skin was not related with the patient age, tumor diameter, and tumor staging(P > 0.05), but was related with axillary lymph nodes metastasis and distance from tumor to nipple less than 4 cm(P < 0.05). ConclusionsThe hMAM mRNA highly expresses in breast cancer tissue and it has a certain value in the diagnosis of infiltration of breast cancer surface skin. The patients with axillary lymph node metastasis and distance from tumor to nipple less than 4 cm are more susceptible to infiltration of breast cancer surface skin.
ObjectiveTo study the clinical distribution and the change of drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii from different inpatient specimens sources during 2008 to 2012, and to provide guidance for rational use of antibiotics. MethodsThe identification of Acinetobacter baumannii was conducted by VITEK-2 based on clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI) guideline between January 2008 and December 2012. The susceptibility of antibiotics was determined by K-B test, and data analysis was conducted by Excel and SAS. ResultsA total of 3 139 stains of Acinetobacter baumannii were isolated from 2013 patients during this period. The Acinetobacter baumannii was mainly obtained from the Burn ward, Intensive Care Unit ward and Thoracic ward. Sputum was the most specimens of Acinetobacter baumannii, accounting for 48.4%. The drug resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to most of the antimicrobial agents were more than 55%. Compound antibacterial is more effective than the single drug ingredient. Compared with other antimicrobial agents, β-lactams/β-lactamase inhibitor compound and carbapenems antimicrobial agents were more sensitive. ConclusionThe drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii is serious and has differences among hospitals. Clinicians should monitor the drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii timely and choose proper antibiotics according to the results of drug sensitivity.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of bipolar radiofrequency ablation procedure for atrial fibrillation (AF) during the open-heart surgery. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 137 heart disease patients combined with AF (21 patients combined with left atrial thrombus) who underwent one-stage operation of open-heart surgery and bipolar radiofrequency ablation from May 2009 to June 2014. There were 61 males and 76 females at age of 35-73(48.3±11.6)years. The patients received amiodarone treatment for 6 months after surgery and regular follow-up. The sinus rhythm conversion rate, cardiac function before and after operation, survival rate after operation, the incidence of thromboembolism and other complications were recorded. ResultsThe average cardiopulmonary bypass time during operation was 122±38 min, the average aortic crossclamp time was 78±22 min, and the average radiofrequency ablation time was 20±4 min. The atrial fibrillation was successfully ablated in 130 patients on the same day of surgery with conversion rate of 94.9%. The atrial fibrillation was converted to sinus rhythm in 114 patients, and converted to junctional cardiac arrhythmia in 16 patients. Two patients died during the perioperative period with death rate of 1.5% in hospital. The conversion rate was 81.5% (110/135), 88.1% (111/126), 83.1% (74/89), and 83.0% (39/47) respectively at one month, six months, one year, and two years after surgery, respectively. The survival rate was 96.6% (86/89) and 93.6% (44/47) at one year and two years after surgery. No thromboembolism occurred during the long-term follow-up period. ConclusionBipolar radiofrequency ablation procedure selectively performed during open-heart surgery can cure atrial fibrillation, only increases cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic crossclamp time slightly. The short- and mid-term efficacy is satisfactory with high conversion rate of sinus rhythm. The long-term effect still needs further observation.