ObjectiveTo explore the clinical effect and safety of laparoscopic cytoreductive surgery combined with gestrinone in the treatment of adenomyosis. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 82 patients with adenomyosis who accepted treatment in our hospital from January 2008 to April 2011. According to different treatment method, the patients were divided into three groups. Twenty-seven patients in the treatment group underwent laparoscopic cytoreductive surgery combined with postoperative treatment with gestrinone. For the 25 patients in the surgery group, only laparoscopic cytoreductive surgery was performed, and 30 other patients who only received oral gestrinone were designated as the medicine group. Dysmenorrhea, menstrual volume, uterine size, serum carcinoembryonic antigen 125 (CA125), anemia, and drug side effects were respectively recorded before and after surgery. ResultsThe dysmenorrhea degree reduced significantly in all the three groups. There was no significant difference in the degree of dysmenorrhea, menstrual volume, and uterine volume between the treatment group and the surgery group (P>0.05); the dysmenorrhea degree was significantly different between the treatment group and the medicine group (P<0.05); the differences in hemoglobin levels and the serum CA125 level between the treatment group and the surgery group 12 months later were significant (P=0.019, P=0.049). ConclusionThe laparoscopic cytoreductive surgery combined with gestrinone in treating adenomyosis can improve recent curative effect and provide more effective symptom control compared with surgery alone.