Objective To compare administration of incidence reporting systems for healthcare risk management in the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia, and Taiwan, and to provide evidence and recommendations for healthcare risk management policy in China. Methods We searched the official websites of the healthcare risk management agencies of the four countries and one district for laws, regulatory documents, research reports, reviews, and evaluation forms concerned with healthcare risk management and assessment. Descriptive comparative analysis was performed on relevant documents. Results (1) A total of 142 documents were included in this study. The United States had the most relevant documents (68). (2) The type of incidents from reporting systems has expanded from medication errors and hospital-acquired infections to near-misses, and now includes all patient safety incidents. (3) The incidence-reporting systems can be grouped into two models: government-led and legal/regulatory/NGO-collaborative. (4) In two cases, reporting systems were established for specific incident types: One for death or serious injury events (the sentinel events database in Britain, SIRL), and one for healthcare-associated infections (NHSN in America). (5) Compared to the four countries, Taiwan’s system put more emphasis on public welfare, confidentiality, and information sharing. The contents of reporting there covered every aspect of risk management to create a more secure environment. Conclusion (1) Britain’s national reporting and learning system was representative of a government-led model; (2) The United States was the earliest country to have a reporting system, which included a limited range of incident types. Management of incidents became more reliable with increased application of laws, regulations, and guidances; (3) Both the Canadian and the Australian systems drew from the American experience and are still developing; (4) The Taiwanese system was comprehensive and is an instructional case.
ObjectiveTo enhance nurses'awareness of pressure ulcer management and reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers by using the risk early warning management idea. MethodsWe analyzed the data of patients with pressure ulcers and patients at high risk of pressure ulcers reported through nursing software between January 2009 and December 2011.Then,we timely and actively gave instructions and formulated corrective measures for the weak points in order to optimize pressure ulcer management process. ResultsNurses'awareness of prevention of pressure ulcers was improved,and the number of patients at high risk of pressure ulcers reported was increased year by year.From 2009 to 2011,the ratio of extremely high-risk and high-risk patients to all discharged patients was respectively 0.76%,1.01% and 0.76%;while from 2009 to 2011,the rate of in-hospital pressure ulcers hard to avoid was respectively 0.06%,0.06% and 0.02%. ConclusionBased on pressure ulcers wound team management,training nurses'early warning management idea,assigning corresponding responsibilities and management goals can help to standardize the management of pressure ulcers and raise the discipline level unceasingly.