ObjectiveTo investigate the causes of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in patients with tumor in Intensive Care Unit (ICU), and take effective intervention measures to reduce the incidence of VAP. MethodsThe targeted monitoring was conducted for the ICU patients who underwent the mechanical ventilation for over 48 hours from January 2013 to December 2014. Then the conventional nursing measures where adopted in 2013 without any field intervention measure implemented. While the prevention and control method was conducted in 2014 and the causes of VAP was valued and anyzed. ResultsAfter adopting intervention measures, the thousand-day rate of VAP decreased from 8.71‰ before the interventions to 2.30‰ after the interventions. The utilization rate of ventilators increased from 63% to 72% after the interventions were taken in 2014. The constituent ratio of the multidrug-resistant bacteria among the isolated pathogens in each year presented a downward trend. ConclusionVAP is common in ICU patients. It is necessary to reach preventive measures and designated position and ventilator management so as to prevent the occurrence of new nosocomial infection.