目的:探讨急性胰腺炎的胸腹部X线平片显示特征及诊断。方法:回顾分析19例急性重症胰腺炎的胸腹部X线平片资料,总结其影像特征。结果:急性胰腺炎胸腹部X线平片显示反射性肠郁积15例,十二指肠曲部见弧形压迹1例, 剑突下胰腺区高密度影1例,麻痹性肠梗阻伴胸腔积液2例。结论:胸腹部X线平片经济,快捷,在急性胰腺炎早期诊断中有一定价值。
Objective To explore the effect factors on the related measurement guidelines of renal area and renal cortex thickness by measurement of CT/MRI radiography in vivo kidney in adults. Methods Thickness of renal cortex (TC), cortical area (CA), parenchymal area (PA), as well as cortical faction (CF, cortical/parenchymal area) of 164 cases (106 cases with enhanced CT abdomen and 58 cases with MRI abdomen scanning) without renal disease was calculated bilaterally. All data were analyzed by SPSS 11.5 (the mean of two groups and multi-groups was compared by t test and analysis of variance, respectively).Results ① In CT scan, the mean value and 95% confidence interval of TC，CA，PA and CF were 0.62 (0.44 to 0.80) cm, 7.2 (4.1 to 10.2) cm2, 18.2 (10.7 to 25.7) cm2, 39.3 (30.3 to 48.3) % on the left, and 0.63 (0.43 to 0.83) cm, 7.3 (4 to 11) cm2, 18.1 (11 to 25.3) cm2, 39.9 (32 to 48) % on the right, respectively. Likewise, in MRI, those were 0.58 (0.33 to 0.83) cm, 7.5 (3.5 to 11.3) cm2, 14.8 (8.5 to 21.1) cm2, 50.2 (32.8 to 67.6) % on the left, and 0.55 (0.31 to 0.79) cm, 7.3 (4.4 to 10.3) cm2, 15.6 (10.1 to 21.1) cm2, 47.3 (30 to 65) % on the right. ② There was a significant difference in the value of TC, CA, PA between different gender and age groups, and were decreased with the age increaseing. ③ Most of the values measured by MRI were less than those by CT. Conclusions The study suggests that the values of TC, CA, PA and CF can well represent the renal size and function, and may offer a practical and significant normal standard in the radiological diagnosis.
目的:着重分析汶川地震中伤员下肢骨折的发生部位、类型及其产生机制和临床意义。方法:对5·12汶川大地震发生后近2个月内先后送至四川大学华西医院治疗的496例下肢骨折伤员,按X线检查结果对骨折部位及类型进行分析。结果:下肢多部位粉碎性骨折而截肢者29例(5.8％),其余467例伤员共584个部位发生骨折。按骨折部位分类:股骨162个(27.7％),胫腓骨275个(47.1％),髌骨19个(3.3％)以及足骨128个(21.9％)。按骨折类型分类:粉碎性骨折244个(41.8％),斜行骨折194个(33.2％),横行骨折53个(9.1％),线性骨折35个(6.0％),螺旋形骨折33个(5.7％),嵌插骨折17个(2.9％),凹陷性骨折2个(0.3％),同一部位(胫腓骨骨干)的多种类型骨折6个(1.0％)。结论:本组汶川地震造成的下肢骨折,部位以胫腓骨为主;类型以粉碎性骨折为主。常规X线检查对下肢骨折伤员具有简便、快速和准确的诊断价值。
目的:评价先天性心脏病（CHD）不同病变类型在64层螺旋CT（64-MDCT）三维重建图像上的表现及显示效果。方法:回顾性分析36例CHD患者的64-MDCT资料,分别在轴位、冠状、矢状位及容积再现（VR）重组图像上观察病变,统计分析不同重组图像显示总体病变及房、室间隔缺损效果有无差异。结果:36例患者共有病变59处,轴位、冠状及矢状位图像在发现病变（59处,100.0%；57处,96.6%；53处,89.8%）及室间隔缺损显示（显示效果评分:41、38及39分）方面无明显差异（P＞0.05）,但轴位图像显示房间隔缺损明显优于冠、矢状位图像（显示效果评分:19、13及12分）（P＜0.05）。VR图像与轴位及冠、矢状位图像显示心外大血管病变效果无差异P＞0.05）。不同类型病变在轴位,冠、矢状位及VR图像上表现特征不尽相同,而不同重组图像有各自优势显示的病变类型。结论:64-DCT三维重建图像能够很好地显示先心病各种类型病变,了解不同重建图像上病变表现特征及显示效果有利于做出准确、全面的诊断。
摘要:目的:分析汶川大地震伤员中上肢骨折的发生部位、类型及其产生机制和临床意义。方法:对地震发生后近2个月内先后送至四川大学华西医院治疗的140例上肢骨折伤员,按X线检查结果对骨折部位及类型进行分析。结果:140例伤员共183个部位发生骨折。按骨折部位分类:即肱骨60个(32.8％),桡骨51个(27.9％),尺骨41个(22.4％)及手骨骨折31个(16.9％)。按骨折类型分类:横行骨折46个(251％),斜行骨折31个(16.9％),螺旋形骨折11个(6.0％),粉碎性骨折64个(35.0％),嵌插骨折8个(4.4％),线行骨折13个(7.1％),撕脱骨折10个(5.5％)。结论:本组汶川大地震性的上肢骨折,部位以肱骨骨折为主;类型以粉碎性骨折为主。常规X线检查对上肢骨折伤员具有简便、快速和准确的诊断价值。
Objective To explore the reliability and accuracy of the arbitrary point method for measuring the anteversion angle of acetabular prosthesis after total hip arthroplasty (THA) based on pelvic X-ray films. Methods The clinical data of 23 patients (25 hips) who underwent THA between December 2018 and September 2023 and met the selection criteria were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, there were 16 males and 7 females, with an average age of 57.6 years (range, 34-81 years); 13 hips had THA on the left side and 12 on the right side. There were 19 cases (21 hips) of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, 2 cases (2 hips) of femoral neck fractures, 1 case (1 hip) of developmental dysplasia of the hip, and 1 case (1 hip) of osteoarthritis. After THA, all patients underwent X-ray examination and CT scan. Three physicians measured the anteversion angle of acetabular prosthesis using the arbitrary point method and the CT measurement method respectively, and repeated the measurements three times. The results of the two measurement methods were compared, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was employed to assess the reproducibility of the methods. Results The anteversion angles of acetabular prosthesis were (15.87±7.73)° measured by the arbitrary point method, and (15.31±7.89)° measured by CT measurement method. There was no significant difference between the two methods (t=1.515, P=0.143). The ICC of the measurement results by the arbitrary point method for the three physicians were 0.97 (P<0.001), 0.96 (P<0.001), and 0.96 (P<0.001), respectively; and the ICC of the measurement results by CT method were 0.93 (P<0.001), 0.93 (P<0.001), and 0.94 (P<0.001), respectively. Conclusion The arbitrary point method for measuring the anteversion angle of acetabular prosthesis after THA based on pelvic X-ray film is easy to operate, accurate, and has high reproducibility.
目的:利用低剂量多层螺旋CT儿童序列及多平面重组(MPR)技术探索儿童鼻咽部气道大小及形态。资料及方法:回顾性性分析2005.05～2008.08来我院检查鼻及鼻咽部儿童的CT扫描图像,选择符合条件的3～14岁患儿73例,根据儿童鼻咽部腺样体生理特点分两组,一组3～7岁,二组8～14岁,分析儿童鼻咽部A值、N值及A/N值,总结鼻咽腔形态学特点。结果:3～14岁(两组)儿童正常鼻咽部气道失状位均呈镰刀形,周围脂肪间隙清晰,后缘光整连续;一组及二组A值均数分别为9.23±4.85 mm、9.56±4.74 mm;N值均数分别为19.23±3.5 mm、21.5±4.9 mm;两组A值及N值均数间没有统计学差异;A/N值范围一组为0.2～0.58,二组0.21～0.6。结论:3～14岁健康儿童鼻咽腔失状位呈弓向上的镰刀形,边缘光整,周围脂肪间隙清晰,A/N≤0.6。
目的:探讨腰椎峡部裂性滑脱的多层螺旋CT特征及其价值。方法 收集经临床诊治的腰椎峡部裂性滑脱30例CT资料进行回顾性分析。结果 多层螺旋CT能清晰显示腰椎峡部裂性滑脱的椎弓峡部裂、椎体滑脱程度、椎间盘及椎管等CT特征。结论 多层螺旋CT是腰椎峡部裂性滑脱的优良影像学检查方法。
目的 探讨结核性腹膜炎（TBP）及癌性腹膜炎（CP）的螺旋CT表现，提高其诊断及鉴别诊断水平。 方法 回顾分析2009年9月－2010年9月经手术病理、穿刺活检或综合手段证实的22例TBP和45例CP患者的CT影像资料，采用χ2检验比较各种CT征象在两种病变中的发生率，结合病理、临床结果进行分析。 结果 TBP组及CP组患者大量腹水所占比例差异有统计学意义（36.4%、75.6%，χ2=9.703，P=0.002）；两组壁腹膜、肠系膜增厚构成比差异有统计学意义，TBP组以壁层腹膜均匀增厚、肠系膜污迹样改变为主，CP组壁层腹膜以结节、块样增厚为主；两组大网膜厚度差异有统计学意义。 结论 以壁层腹膜改变为基础，综合大网膜、肠系膜及腹水改变CT征象对两种病变的诊断及鉴别诊断具有重要意义。