Objective To use a meta-analytic technique to estimate the survival of implants between immediate loading/early loading and delayed loading. Methods We carried out a systematic search of electronic databases for all prospective trials comparing conventional delayed implant loading with early or immediate implant loading, reported between 1997 and 2007. The outcome of interest was implant failure rate. Quality assessment was performed for prospective trials that met the eligibility criteria and the data were then extracted and analyzed. Results Sixteen articles were found to meet the eligibility criteria, but two studies were reported in four articles, so that 14 articles were analyzed. There were five randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Compared to delayed loading, implant failure occurred sl ightly, but not statistically significant,less often with early implant loading (OR=0.54, 95%CI 0.22 to 1.33, P =0.18). We combined all cohort studies and this analysis was consistent with this result. Immediate implant loading was associated with slightly, but not statistically significant, worse outcomes (OR=1.51, 95%CI 0.53 to 4.25, P =0.44). We only pooled the RCTs and results showed better implant success rate with immediate implant loading, but with no significant difference. When sensitivity analyses were performed by the sequential dropping of a single study, no significant differences were observed except when the study of Jo et al was excluded. Conclusion Early implant loading was associated with better outcomes compared to delayed loading when the implants were placed into good quality bone. There was no significant difference of the implant success rate between immediate loading and delayed loading. Further evaluations in adequately powered large RCTs are needed to confirm these findings.
Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of potassium and magnesium supplement with potassium aspartate and magnesium aspartate injection in gastrointestinal surgery patients during absolute fasting．Methods A multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in 111 patients after gastrointestinal surgery. For trial group，56 patients were given potassium aspartate and magnesium aspartate injection （Panangin®） in half of the total potassium replenished dose and the rest half of the potassium replenished dose was given in 10% potassium chloride injection．For control group，55 patients were given 10% potassium chloride injection for the total dose of potassium replenished．Such treatments maintained five consecutive days after surgical operation．Clinical observations were performed until patients were discharged from the hospitals．Results Before the intervention，there were no significant differences for the baseline between two groups （P＞0.05）．There was no significant difference for the serum potassium level between two groups （P＞0.05） after intervention．The amount of urinary potassium （mmol/24 h） for patients in the trial group was significantly lower than that in the control group during treatment after operation．The serum magnesium level of control group was much lower than that of control group （P＜0.05）. In the clinical observation process，no drug-related adverse event was observed．Conclusions The supplementary effect of potassium and magnesium for potassium aspartate and magnesium aspartate injection in patients with gastrointestinal surgery during absolute fasting is significant，and superior to potassium chloride injection for potassium supplement．Potassium aspartate and magnesium aspartate injection is a safe and appropriate choice for patients with potassium depletion．