ObjectiveTo systematically review the clinical features of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) cases with pathogens infection. MethodsWe electronically searched databases including VIP, WanFang Data, CNKI, CBM, PubMed, MEDLINE, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Elsevier and Google Scholar from 1994 to 2014 for CFS-related studies. Two reviewers independently screened literature and extracted data. Then we systematically reviewed and analyzed the information on demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, types of infected pathogens, and results of some biochemical examinations. ResultsA total of 84 studies (case reports and case series) involving 2 565 CFS cases from 18 countries were included. The major infected pathogens of included CFS cases were mycoplasma, EB virus, intestinal virus, Bernat rickettsia, human-herpes virus, and Gram-negative intestinal bacteria. Fifty-seven studies reported that there might be associations between the pathogenic infection and CFS pathogenesis. Although there were different types of CFS-related pathogens, almost all the studies inferred that pathogens infection linked with immune dysfunction, which might cause CFS symptoms. ConclusionThere may be associations between the pathogenic infection and CFS pathogenesis.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the characteristics of adverse transfusion reaction in Grade Three Class-A hospitals in China, and to provide scientific evidence for related control and prevention work. MethodsSuch databases as the PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library (Issue 11, 2014), CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data and CBM were searched for studies investigating the characteristics of adverse transfusion reaction with ≥6 months observation time in Grade Three Class-A hospitals in China up to November 2014. Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data and assessed the methodological quality of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed by using the R 3.1.1 software. ResultsSeventy-two studies involving 1 660 472 cases of blood transfusion were included. The results of pooled analysis showed that the total number of adverse transfusion reaction rate was 0.58% (95%CI 0.48 to 0.69). Sub-group analysis shows that the blood transfusion adverse reaction rates in the eastern, central and western regions were 0.42% (95%CI 0.31 to 0.55), 0.55% (95%CI 0.41 to 0.70), 0.56% (95%CI 0.43 to 0.70), respectively; and there were statistical differences between regions (P<0.05). Different types of adverse transfusion reaction rates were 38.85% (95%CI 34.27 to 43.53) for non hemolytic febrile reaction and 55.67% (95%CI 50.79 to 60.50) for allergic. The adverse reactions incidence of different kinds of blood products transfusion occurred were 0.41% (95%CI 0.32 to 0.50) in red blood cell, 0.57% (95%CI 0.43 to 0.72) in plasma, 1.00% (95%CI 0.73 to 1.30) in platelet. The incidence of adverse reaction of platelet transfusion was significantly higher than that of red blood cell and plasma (P<0.05). ConclusionThere is a big gap between domestic and foreign blood transfusion adverse reaction reports, therefore comprehensive measures should be taken for further prevention and control.