Objective To investigate the role of inflammatory factors like serumleptin, adiponectin,interleukin-6( IL-6) , and C-reactive protein ( CRP) in the systemic inflammatory response of smokinginduced COPD. Methods Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups, ie. a high-dose smoking group, a low-dose smoking group, and a control group. Serum leptin, adiponectin, IL-6, and CRP levels were measured by ABC-ELISA. Results The serum leptin and adiponectin levels in both smoking groups decreased significantly compared with the control group( P lt; 0. 05) , while the difference was not significant between the two smoking groups ( P gt; 0. 05) . The serum IL-6 and CRP levels in both smoking groups increased significantly compared with the control group( P lt; 0. 05) , which were higher in the highdosesmoking group than those in the low-dose smoking group( P lt;0. 05) . Conclusions Smoking increases the serum levels of IL-6 and CRP, but reduces the serum levels of leptin and adiponectin in rats. These results suggest that leptin, adiponectin, IL-6, and CRP may be involved in the systemic inflammatory response of smoking-induced COPD.
Objective To determine if the therapeutic response to an inhaled corticosteroid is attenuated in individuals with asthma who smoke.Methods 38 outpatients with chronic stable asthma who visited during March 2008 and January 2009 were enrolled in the study. 23 cases were nonsmokers and 15 cases were smokers. All of them were treated by daily inhaled budesonide, and β2 agonist when necessary.They were required to record symptoms and peak expiratory flow every day on an asthmatic diary card. Thepatients were followed 28 days. ACT score, asthma-symptom score, Asthma Control Test ( ACT) score,pulmonary function, and peak expiratory flow were compared between the non-smoking and the smoking asthmatic patients. Results All of the patients had statistically significant increases in ACT score, mean morning and night PEF, mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second, and a significant decrease in asthmasymptom score after budesonide treatment compared with before. There were significantly greater changes inany of these parameters in the non-smokers than in the smokers. Conclusions Active cigarette smoking impairs the efficacy of short term inhaled corticosteroid treatment in asthma. This finding has important implications for the management of patients with asthma who smoke.
ObjectiveTo investigate the disease severity and comorbidities in outpatient with asthma from urban area in China.MethodsA face-to-face, questionnaire-based survey was carried out in outpatient department in 30 general hospitals from 30 provinces in China mainland except for Tibet during October 2015 to May 2016, and asthma patients who meet the including criteria were enrolled. Data of demographic characteristics, smoking status, disease severity, and comorbidities were collected.ResultsA total of 3 875 cases were included. According to GINA criteria, the proportion of diseases severity was as following: intermittent status 52.5% (2 033/3 875), mild persistent 24.5% (951/3 875), moderate persistent 16.9% (656/3 875), and severe persistent 6.1% (235/3 875). The overweight rate was 32.9% (1 274/3 875), the rate of obesity was 10.3% (401/3 875), and the smoking rate was 20.1% (777/3 875). Obesity and smoking were related to poor asthma control. 75.9% (2 941/3 875) of the patients had comorbidities: allergic rhinitis 43.4% (1682/3 875), hypertension 16.4% (634/3 875), nasosinusitis 8.7% (338/3 875), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 7.3% (283/3 875), bronchiectasis 3.0% (118/3 875), and rhinopolypus 2.9% (114/3 875).ConclusionsThe majority of asthma patients from outpatient department are mild asthma patients. The proportion of allergic rhinitis and bronchiectasis in asthma patients is higher than mean level. Asthma patients with comorbidities of obesity and smoking is related to poor asthma control.
ObjectiveTo analyze the relationship between medication compliance of patients with uncontrolled asthma and lung function,airway inflammation level, asthma control level and quality of life so as to obtain important references for improving patient compliance and asthma control level in the future. MethodsQuestionnaires were performed in asthma patients who did not achieve asthma control and had poor compliance in 32 third-class hospitals in 28 provinces of China mainland. All patients were tested for lung function and airway inflammation levels. So the relevant data of asthma compliance was investigated and analyzed. ResultsA total of 923 patients were investigated and the questionnaire recovery rate was 100%. Two hundred and forty-three (26.33%) answered cognitive related questions about asthma completely correctly. Treatment compliance in asthma patients was positively correlated with lung function and significantly negatively correlated with exhaled nitric oxide. Better treatment compliance in asthma has higher level of asthma control and quality of life. Poor compliance in asthma patients will lead to decreased lung function and elevated levels of airway inflammation, resulting in decreased asthma control and quality of life. ConclusionAsthma treatment compliance is related to lung function, airway inflammation, asthma control level and quality of life.