ObjectiveTo compare the choriocapillaris flow density and choroidal vessel volume (CVV) of acute and chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).MethodsA cross-sectional observational clinical study. A total of 64 eyes of 64 patients (CSC group) diagnosed with CSC at Department of Ophthalmology of West China Hospital of Sichuan University from May 2019 to October 2020, and a total of 64 eyes of 64 age and gender matched healthy volunteers (control group) during the same period were included in this study. In the CSC group, there were 34 patients with acute CSC (acute CSC group) and 30 patients with chronic CSC (chronic CSC group). There was no significant difference in age (t=－0.041) and sex composition ratio (χ2=0.191) between CSC group and control group (P＞0.05). There were statistically significant differences in age (t=－1.872) and sex composition ratio (χ2=8.778) between acute CSC group and chronic CSC group (P＜0.05). Swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) was performed using VG200D. The scanning mode was 512×512 and scannig range was 12 mm × 12 mm. The choriocapillaris flow density of the 3 mm, 6 mm, 12 mm circular area and 1-3 mm ring, 3-6 mm ring, and 6-12 mm ring, and the CVV of the of the 3 mm, 6 mm, 12 mm circular area was automatically generated by the built-in software (v1.28.6). The age, choriocapillaris flow density and CVV were compared between two groups using independent sample t test.ResultsCompared with the control group, the choriocapillaris flow density decreased in the CSC group, and there were statistically significant differences in the 3 mm, 6 mm circular area (t=－7.210, －4.040; P＜0.001). There were statistically significant differences between CSC group and control group in the 3 mm, 6 mm, 12 mm circular area (t=1.460, 12.270, 11.250; P＜0.05). Compared with the acute CSC group, the choriocapillaris flow density decreased in the chronic CSC group, and there were statistically significant differences (P＜0.05) in the 3 mm, 6 mm circular area (t=3.230, 2.330), the total and four quadrants of 1-3 mm ring (t=2.780, 2.060, 2.140, 2.620, 3.770), the superior quadrants of the 3-6 mm ring (t=2.550), and the superior and temporal of 6-12 mm ring (t=3.070, 2.610). There was no significant difference of CVV in the 3 mm, 6 mm and 12 mm circular area between the acute CSC group and the chronic CSC group (t=0.250, 0.070, －0.110; P＞0.05).ConclusionCompared with acute CSC, chronic CSC exhibits significant decreased choriocapillaris flow density and no change in CVV.
ObjectiveTo analyze the trend, hotspots and frontiers of diabetic retinopathy (DR) therapy by bibliometric method. MethodsData were taken from the Web of Science website of Science Citation Index. Articles from 2017 to 2021, which were related to the therapy of diabetic retinopathy (DR), were included. The bibliometric analysis softwares, VOSviewer and CiteSpace were used to generate and analyze visual representations of the complex data input, including high-frequency keywords, keywords with the strongest citation bursts and co-occurrence networks of keywords. ResultsA total of 3,845 articles were included. The amounts of papers published from 2017 to 2021 is 633, 651, 708, 893, and 960 respectively, increasing over years. Chinese scholars published the most articles, followed by the United States. The number of articles funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China ranks third. There were 47 high-frequency keywords clustered into DR treatment, pathogenesis of DR, diagnosis of DR, Oxidative stress, diabetic macular edema (DME), type 2 diabetes, optical coherence tomography and deep learning. Those keywords were research hotspots and new keywords were constantly emerging. Among the top 11 burst words, the burst values of “intravitreal bevacizumab”, “vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)”, “choroidal neovascularization”, “inhibition”, and “receptors” were all over 10. Highly cited references showed a significant clustering tendency, which were treatment of DME, review of DR, clinical research of anti-VEGF drug therapy. ConclusionsThe amount of paper related to DR therapy is on the rise; the specific treatment methods for the pathogenesis of DR are constantly research hotspots. In addition, formulating treatment strategies to reduce macular edema and other complications of diabetes, applying optical coherence tomography, deep learning and other technologies to improve the efficiency of DR diagnosis and treatment, improve targeted drug delivery systems, and finding new target points were research frontiers.