Objective To observe the effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride ( PHCD) combined with mechanical ventilation ( MV) on inflammatory response in rats with ARDS induced by oleic acid ( OA) .Methods The rat ARDS model was established by OA via intravenous injection ( iv) . 32 adult healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups, ie. a normal control group( group C: intra-peritoneal injection of a same amount of normal saline and intravenous injection of a same amount of normal saline respectively rather than PHCD) , a model group( group A1) , a PHCD group ( group A2: intra-peritoneal injection of 0. 5 mg/kg PHCD30 minutes before OA iv) and a PHCD+MV group ( group A3: VT = 4 mL/kg,respiratory rate =70 beats /min, I∶E =1∶2, FiO2 =21%) . Four hours after OA iv, arterial partial pressure of oxygen ( PaO2 ) was measured, and the oxygenation index ( PaO2 /FiO2 ) as well as wet /dry weight ratio( W/D) of lung tissue were calculated respectively. The pathological changes of lung tissue was observed through light microspcope. Interlukin-8 ( IL-8 ) , myeloperoxidase ( MPO) and NF-κB in lung tissue homogenate were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) . Results Extensive pneumonedema, pneumorrhagia, focal atelectasis and amout of inflammatory cells infiltration in lung tissues were all revealed in ARDS rats. Lung injury score ( 8. 63 ±2. 20 vs. 1. 38 ±0. 92) , W/D ratio ( 8. 37 ±0. 99 vs. 4. 08 ±0. 65) were all higher in the ARDS rats than those in group C( all P lt;0. 01) . PaO2 /FiO2 was lower in group A1 than that in group C [ ( 206 ±32) mm Hg vs. ( 428 ±28) mm Hg, P lt; 0. 01] . The concentrations of MPO [ ( 33. 91 ±1. 43) ng/mL vs. ( 20. 92 ±1. 40) ng/mL) ] , IL-8 [ ( 809 ±39) ng/L vs. ( 583 ±91) ng/L] and NF-κB [ ( 1163 ±105) ng/L vs. ( 803 ±130) ng/L] in lung tissue homogenate were significantly increased in the ARDS rats than those in group C ( all P lt;0. 01) . Pathological changes of lung tissue ( including pneumonedema, pneumorrhagia, atelectasis and inflammatory cell infiltration, etc. )obviously improved when treated by PHCD or/and PHCD combined with MV ( all P lt;0. 05) . PaO2 /FiO2 in group A2 and A3 were both significantly increased when compared with group A1 ( both P lt; 0. 05) .Meanwhile,W/D ratio, lung injury score, and concentrations of MOP, IL-8 and NF-κB were sharply decreased in group A2 and A3 ( all P lt;0. 05) . The improvement in all above indices were more significant in group A3 than those in group A2, despite all those indices failed to meet the levels of normal rats ( all P lt; 0. 05) .Conclusion PHCD can inhibit the inflammatory response in ARDS rats induced by OA iv, through which it protect the lung tissue frominjury induced by OA. The protective role of PHCD plus MV is superior to that of PHCD only.
【摘要】 目的 探讨Survivin表达在结直肠癌发生，转移中的作用及临床意义。 方法 2003年1月－2004年12月间采用免疫组织化学链霉菌抗生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶连结法测定58例结直肠癌、12例结直肠腺瘤和9例正常结肠组织中Survivin的表达水平，研究其与结直肠癌患者临床病理特征及预后的关系。 结果 Survivin蛋白在正常结直肠黏膜中不表达，而在结直肠腺瘤及结直肠癌组织中的表达均高于正常大肠黏膜，差异有统计学意义（Plt;0.05）。不同年龄、性别、浆膜浸润、淋巴结转移、远处转移、分化程度、Dukes分期等之间Survivin的表达差异均无统计学意义（Pgt;0.05）。Kaplan-Meier生存分析提示:Survivin表达阳性患者的5年生存率为51.2%，阴性者为90.9%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（Plt;0.05）。 结论 Survivin的异常表达参与了结直肠癌发生、发展的病理生理过程，对结直肠癌患者的治疗方式的选择、疗效和预后的评估方面具有重要的参考价值。【Abstract】 Objective To determine the expression of Survivin in the onset and metastasis of colorectal adenocarcinoma, and its clinical significance. Methods From January 2003 to December 2004, immunohistochemical staining, streptavidin-perosidase method, was used to detect the Survivin expression in 58 cases of colorectal carcinoma, 12 cases of colorectal adenoma, and 9 cases of normal tissues. Correlation between the expression of Survivin and clinicopathological factors in colorectal cancer was analyzed. Results Survivin was not expressed in normal colorectal tissues. The expression of Survivin in colorectal carcinoma and adenoma was significantly higher than that in norma1 colorectal tissues (Plt;0.05). There was no correlation of Survivin expression with such clinicopathologic factors as age, gender, serosa infiltration, lymph node metastasis, distal metastasis, differentiation level and Dukes stage (Pgt;0.05). The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that patients with Survivin-positive tumors had significantly poorer survival rate (51.2%) than those with Survivin-negative tumors (90.9%) (Plt;0.05). Conclusion Abnormal expression of Survivin plays an important role in carcinogenesis and progress of colorectal carcinoma and can be regarded as a good index for the choice of surgery, and assessment of clinical outcomes and prognosis for colorectal cancer patients.