目的：通过经外周静脉穿刺中心静脉置管（PICC）或锁骨下静脉置管与前臂静脉留置针在血液病患者并发深部真菌感染时应用两性霉素B中的比较，探讨如何减少患者静脉炎及并发症发生率和再次静脉穿刺的发生率，从而提高患者生活质量。方法：80例血液病患者分为两组，40例PICC置管或锁骨下静脉置管组为A组，40例前臂静脉留置针为B组，记录静脉炎、疼痛发生情况、留置时间。结果：A组留置时间30～68天，B组留置时间1～5天；A组静脉炎率5%，B组静脉炎率45%；A组疼痛率5%，B组疼痛率35%；结论：在血液病患者并发深部真菌感染时应用两性霉素B治疗中，选用PICC置管或锁骨下静脉置管效果明显优于前臂静脉留置针，值得临床推广。
目的 调查造血干细胞移植出院患者的社会支持现状，寻求相应的护理对策，帮助患者保持较高的社会支持水平。 方法 选择2007年9月-2009年3月在层流病房进行造血干细胞移植的患者48例，采用肖水源的社会支持评定量表，进行住院期间和出院3个月后的问卷调查，并进行统计学分析。 结果 患者住院期间社会支持总分为(41.40±5.60)分，出院3个月后社会支持总分为(38.19±3.65)分，比较具有统计学意义(Plt;0.05)。 结论 造血干细胞移植患者出院后社会支持水平降低，护士应加强对造血干细胞移植患者出院后的指导，拓宽造血干细胞移植出院患者社会支持渠道，帮助患者保持较高的社会支持水平，从而促进患者的康复。
【摘要】 目的 总结应用Hyper-CVAD/MA强力化疗方案治疗成人急性淋巴细胞白血病的护理措施，以提高护士对相关患者的护理水平。 方法 2004年6月-2009年2月，应用Hyper-CVAD/MA强力化疗方案治疗80例急性淋巴细胞白血病患者，在化疗过程中，护士密切监护并观察化疗药物的不良反应，积极给予护理措施。 结果 80例急性淋巴细胞白血病患者均顺利完成化疗并出院，未发生与护理相关的不良反应。 结论 应用Hyper-CVAD/MA强力方案治疗成人急性淋巴细胞白血病，护理工作十分重要。严密观察病情，强化化疗护理，可以有效地预防和减轻毒副反应的发生。【Abstract】 Objective To summarize the nursing measures of patients with adult acute lymphocytic leukemia treated with hyper-CVAD/MA chemotherapy regimen, a dose-intensive regimen, and improve the level of nursing care. Methods Eighty patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia treated by hyper-CVAD/MA regimen in this hospital were included June 2004 to February 2009.The patients were closely monitored and given nursing interventions.The drug adverse reactions were observed. Results All patients completed scheduled regimen and discharged successfully without any adverse events associated with nursing care. Conclusion The nursing interventions are very important for the patients with adult acute lymphocytic leukemia treated with hyper-CVAD/MA regimen, and close observation on the patients and strengthening nursing care can effectively prevent and mitigate the occurrence of toxicity.
ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemic characteristics of the notifiable infectious diseases in West China Hospital of Sichuan University, so as to guide the prevention, control and treatment of notifiable infectious diseases in the hospital and other medical institutions. MethodsDescriptive analysis was used to make statistics and analysis on the data of notifiable infectious diseases in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from 2015 to 2020, and the reporting situation, disease classification and transmission route were summarized. ResultsA total of 21 382 cases of notifiable infectious diseases with 32 types were reported. There was no class A infectious disease reported. There were 16 305 cases (76.26%) of class B infectious diseases and 5 077 cases (23.74%) of class C infectious diseases. The top 5 infectious diseases were pulmonary tuberculosis, influenza, syphilis, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (including human immunodeficiency virus infection), and viral hepatitis type B. From the trend of the infectious disease reporting, the number of notifiable infectious diseases showed an upward trend from 2015 to 2020. ConclusionsThe report of notifiable infectious diseases in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from 2015 to 2020 mainly focuses on class B infectious diseases and class C infectious diseases. In the future, the prevention and control of infectious diseases should focus on respiratory infectious diseases, blood borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases.
Objective To optimize the report procedure of infectious diseases, solve the problems during routine surveillance such as incomplete report and incorrect report, in order to improve the report quality of infectious diseases. Methods Common problems in the report cards which were systematically collected in the infectious disease report management system were analyzed. Then, through negotiation with engineers of the information center, procedures which might easily lead to errors were deleted, report procedures were optimized. Furthermore, clinicians were also trained on infectious disease report from time to time. The entire study was divided into three periods, including baseline period (from October 1, 2012 to December 31, 2013), intervention period (from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014) and enhanced intervention period (from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015). The incorrect report rate and incomplete report rate were automatically calculated and compared among the three periods to evaluate the report quality. Results Compared with the baseline period, the total incomplete rate in the enhanced intervention period decreased from 8.21% to 3.19% (χ2=103.143,P<0.001), the incorrect report rate of hepatitis B virus decreased from 32.84% to 21.63% (χ2=19.002,P<0.001), and the incorrect report rate of syphilis decreased from 24.93% to 6.86% (χ2=90.416,P<0.001). respectively. Conclusion The infectious disease report system plays a very important role in timely identification of errors and improvement of incomplete and incorrect report, and is of great significance in the management of infectious diseases.
Objective To analyze the report status of the pulmonary tuberculosis in the elderly people aged ≥ 65 years old. Methods The reported data of senile pulmonary tuberculosis and the whole population pulmonary tuberculosis at West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2022 were retrospective selection. Descriptive methods were used to analyze the different characteristics and etiology of senile pulmonary tuberculosis. Results A total of 2 182 senile pulmonary tuberculosis were reported. The report was mainly positive reports of etiology [1091 cases (50.00%)], and the component ratio increased year by year (χ2=49.986, P<0.001). The proportion of senile pulmonary tuberculosis in the whole population pulmonary tuberculosis increased from 17.62% in 2012 to 29.04% in 2022, and the difference between different years was statistically significant (χ2=40.261, P<0.001). In the reported patients, the male to female ratio was 2.30∶1. There were 7 cases of rifampicin resistant, 1 091 cases of etiology positivity, 674 cases of etiology negativity, and 410 cases of no etiology results. The number of reported cases in the age group of 65-74 was higher than that in the age group of 75 and above. The seasonal distribution was not obvious (concentration<0.3). The patients were mainly from other cities of the province [919 cases (42.12%)], and the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (including the Tuberculosis Ward) was reported the most [1439 cases (65.95%)]. The majority of occupations were retired individuals [952 cases (43.63%)]. Conclusions From 2012 to 2022, the prevention and treatment of senile pulmonary tuberculosis has achieved some results, but the overall burden is still very heavy. The detection of senile pulmonary tuberculosis should be strengthened.