Research on the Chinese medicine standardized calendar is not only required for the development of evidence-based pharmacy, but it is also needed in order to adapt to, and promote, clinical rational use of Chinese medicine. The experience of the clinical calendar is summarized in this article. This may provide some significant clues and basis for the design and conduct of research when constructing a Chinese medicine standardized calendar.
OBJECTIVE: To present a surgical choice for nonunion and bone defect. METHODS: From November 1994 to October 1997, 17 cases of nonunion of fracture and massive bone defect were treated by autogenous iliac bone and fibular bone with vascular anastomosis. Of 17 cases, there were 10 cases of nonunion of bone fracture, 7 cases of bone defect following tumor resection (4 cases of benign and 3 cases of malignant). Autogenous fibular bone grafting with vascular anastomosis, ranging from 12 cm to 29 cm in length, were employed in 12 cases; autogenous iliac bone grafting, ranging from 7 cm x 3 cm to 9 cm x 5 cm in size, were utilized in the other 5 cases. All of 17 cases were followed up for 10 months to 5 years, 3 years and 7 months in average, and were evaluated from clinical manifestation. RESULTS: Bone union was achieved in 10 cases of nonunion of fracture after bone grafting, bony refilling of the bone defect was observed in 4 cases due to benign tumor and 1 case due to malignant tumor. The other 2 cases of malignant tumor died from lung metastasis of the tumor 10 months and 12 months after bone grafting, respectively. CONCLUSION: Bone grafting is an effective surgical option in treatment of nonunion of fracture and bone defect.
【摘要】 目的 观察透明质酸锌凝胶治疗糖尿病足创面的疗效。 方法 2009年6月—2010年6月收治60例创面面积≤6 cm2的糖尿病足患者，其中男41例，女19例；年龄 49～80岁，平均58岁。糖尿病病程4～20年，糖尿病足病程2～12周。按照糖尿病足Wagner分级标准进行分级为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级（每级各20例）。将患者随机分为治疗组和对照组，每组30例，每级各10例。两组患者性别、年龄、病程及创面比较差异均无统计学意义（Pgt;0.05），具有可比性。两组患者均常规给予胰岛素或降糖药控制血糖，并同时给予抗炎、改善微循环及营养支持治疗。处理上治疗组加用透明质酸锌凝胶，对照组仅常规换药，治疗后4、8周观察两组创面愈合情况。 结果 治疗组8周时治愈率为53.3%，总有效率为96.7%；对照组治愈率为30.0%，总有效率为60.0%；两组总有效率比较差异有统计学意义（Plt;0.05）。治疗组对于Ⅱ、Ⅲ级创面的治愈率和有效率均明显优于对照组（Plt;0.01）。治疗组创面愈合时间为（23.25±8.52） d，对照组为（29.16±9.20） d，差异有统计学意义（Plt;0.05）。两组治疗后细菌培养结果无明显差异。 结论 透明质酸锌凝胶制剂应用于糖尿病足的创面治疗，能起到保护创面和促进创面愈合的作用，为治疗糖尿病足创面提供了一种新的方法。【Abstract】 Objective To explore the curative effect of zinc hyaluronate in the treatment of diabetic foot wound. Methods Sixty patients with a diabetic foot wound area ≤6 cm2 were treated in our hospital from June 2009 to June 2010. There were 41 males and 19 females with their ages ranged from 49 to 80 years old, averaging at 58. The course of diabetes ranged from 4 to 20 years, and diabetic foot 2 to 12 weeks. According to diabetic foot Wagner grading standards, the patients were classified as grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ (with 20 patients for each grade). They were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group with 30 patients in each group and for both groups, there were 10 patients for each Wagner grade. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups of patients in gender, age, duration of the disease course, and wound area (Pgt;0.05) so that they were comparable. All patients were routinely offered with insulin or other medicine to control blood sugar level, and at the same time they accepted anti-inflammatory, microcirculation improving and nutrition supporting treatments. Zinc hyaluronate was added to the treatment of the patients in the treatment group, while the control group underwent conventional treatment. Wound healing condition was observed 4 and 8 weeks after the beginning of the treatment. Results At week eight, the cure rate for the treatment group was 53.3%, and the total effective rate was 96.7%; the two numbers for the control group were respectively 30.0% and 60.0%. There was a significant difference between the two groups in the total effectiveness (Plt;0.05). The cure rate and total effective rate for grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ wound in the treatment group were better than those in the control group (Plt;0.01). Coagulant time for the treatment group and the control group was respectively (23.25±8.52) days and (29.16±9.20) days with a significant difference (Plt;0.05). No statistical difference was found in the bacteria cultures between the two groups after treatment. Conclusions Using zinc hyaluronate in diabetic foot treatment can obviously protect the wound and promote wound healing. It is a good choice for diabetic foot wound healing.
Objective To explore the vascular access infection (VAI) incidence of hemodialysis patients during the the maximum spread of the COVID-19 epidemic (epidemic period) compared with the corresponding period with no local cases of COVID-19 (control period). Methods A single-center, retrospective study was carried out. Adult patients who underwent hemodialysis at the Department of Blood Purification Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University during the epidemic period between December 7, 2022 and February 23, 2023 and the control period between December 7, 2020 and February 23, 2021 were selected. The incidence of local access site infection (LASI) and access related bloodstream infection (ARBSI) in included patients were observed and compared. ResultsA total of 1 401 patients were included. Among them, there were 737 cases during the epidemic period and 664 cases during the control period. There was no statistically significant difference in the age, gender, and duration of catheterization among patients of different periods and pathway types (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of LASI between the epidemic period and the control period (χ2=1.800, P=1.180). There was a statistically significant difference in the occurrence of ARBSI between the epidemic period and the control period [χ2=4.610, relative risk (RR)=2.575, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.053, 6.298), P=0.032]. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of LASI and ARBSI at different stages in patients with arteriovenous fistula and unnel-cuffed catheters (TCC) (P＞0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the incidence of LASI [χ2=4.898, RR=3.832, 95%CI (1.058, 13.885), P=0.027] and ARBSI [χ2=7.150, RR=4.684, 95%CI (1.333, 16.460), P=0.005] among non cuffed catheters (NCC) patients at different stages. TCC patients might experience LASI (P<0.05) during the epidemic period and ARBSI (P<0.05) during the control period compared with the arteriovenous fistula patients; both central venous catheterization and NCC patients might experience LASI and ARBSI during the control period (P<0.05). Conclusion Targeting COVID-19 prevention may be associated with the reduction of vascular access infection in hemodialysis patients, in particular in NCC patients.
Objective To explore the effectiveness of interlocking intramedullary nail fixation system for Sanders type Ⅱ and Ⅲ calcaneal fractures by comparing with open surgery. Methods Forty patients (40 feet) with Sanders type Ⅱ and Ⅲ calcaneal fractures, who were admitted between May 2020 and December 2022 and met the selection criteria, were included in the study. They were randomly allocated into control group and minimally invasive group using a random number table method, with 20 cases in each group. The patients were treated with the interlocking intramedullary nail fixation system in the minimally invasive group and with steel plate internal fixation via a lateral L-shaped incision in the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05) in terms of gender, age, fracture classification and side, cause of injury, time from injury to admission, and preoperative width, length, height, Böhler angle, and Gissane angle of the calcaneus. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, incision length, hospital stay, fracture healing time, incidence of complications, as well as pre- and post-operative imaging indicators (Böhler angle, Gissane angle, width, height, and length of the calcaneus) and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score of foot were recorded and compared between the two groups. Results The incision length, operation time, and hospital stay of the minimally invasive group were significantly shorter than those of the control group, and the intraoperative blood loss significantly reduced (P<0.05). All patients of the two groups were followed up, with the follow-up time of 8-12 months (mean, 10.2 months) in the minimally invasive group and 8-12 months (mean, 10.4 months) in the control group. No complication occurred in the minimally invasive group after operation. One case of incision epidermal necrosis and 1 case of traumatic arthritis occurred in the control group after operation. However, there was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (P>0.05). At last follow-up, the AOFAS score was significantly higher in the minimally invasive group than in the control group (P<0.05). Imaging examination showed that the calcaneal fractures of the two groups healed, and there was no significant difference in healing time between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with preoperative conditions, the Böhler angle and Gissane angle of the calcaneus in the two groups significantly increased, the width narrowed, and the height and length increased at 3 days after operation and the last follow-up, with significant differences (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between 3 days after operation and last follow-up (P>0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups at each time point (P>0.05). ConclusionThe interlocking intramedullary nail fixation system in treatment of Sanders type Ⅱ and Ⅲ calcaneal fractures has the advantages of minimal trauma, shortened hospital stay, reliable fracture reduction and fixation, and satisfactory foot function recovery.
Objective To investigate an operative method of repairing large skin defect of the forearm and the hand. Methods From July 2003 to September 2008, 11 patients with large skin defect of the forearm and the hand were repaired using bilateral groin flaps in complex with abdominal flaps, including 7 males and 4 females aged 17-55 years old (average33.5 years old). Among the 11 cases, 5 were caused by carding machine and 4 by traffic accident, and the interval between injury and operation was 90 minutes to 6 hours (average 3.5 hours); 2 cases suffered from severe cicatricial contracture deformity in the late stage of burn injury, and the interval between injury and operation was 7 months and 19 months, respectively. The size of skin defect ranged from 42 cm × 12 cm to 60 cm × 16 cm. The flaps harvested during operation was 45.0 cm × 10.5 cm - 62.0 cm × 18.0 cm in size. Pedicle division of the combined flaps was performed 4 weeks after operation. The donor site wound was repaired by direct suturing in 7 cases and by free skin grafting in 4 cases. Results All flaps survived. All incisions healed by first intention. The donor site wound all healed by first intention. Skin graft all survived. All patients were followed up for 2 months to 3 years. The flaps were soft in texture, full in contour, and normal in color. Sensory recovery of the flaps was evaluated according to the Criteria of UK Medical Research Council (1954), 4 cases were in grade S1, 6 in grade S2, and 1 in grade S3. Hand function was assessed by the Criteria of Chinese Hand Surgery Society, 7 cases were graded as excellent, 2 as good, 2 as poor, and the excellent and good rate was 81.8%. Conclusion Combined use of bilateral groin flaps and abdominal flap is an effective approach to repair large skin defect of the forearm and the hand due to its simple operative procedure and satisfying effect.