目的 探讨早产儿配方奶及水解蛋白奶在住院早产低出生体重儿喂养过程中，在胃肠保护作用方面有无差异，以期进一步有效指导入院低体重儿乳制品的合理选择。 方法 收集新生儿科NICU 2008年2月－2010年8月收治的早产低出生体重儿156例，采用回顾性调查分析方法，通过翻阅病历收集新生儿的性别、孕周、出生体重、开奶日龄、持续喂养天数以及所患疾病。按照喂养开奶类型不同分为水解蛋白奶喂养组（A组，111例）和早产儿配方奶喂养组（B组，45例）。 结果 两组患儿性别、开奶日龄、持续喂养天数、胎龄、疾病分布上均无统计学差异（P＞0.05），A组和B组的胃肠功能障碍各临床特点发生概率无统计学差异。 结论 在住院生命体征相对稳定的早产低出生体重儿，无论是早产儿配方奶喂养还是水解蛋白奶喂养，其患儿的喂养不耐受发生情况无统计学差异。
ObjectiveTo evaluate the evidence of the experience with medical sewage treatment procedures in medical institutions in China. MethodsDatabases including CNKI, WanFang Data, PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO were electronically searched to collect studies on the medical sewage treatment process, flow, and specifications in medical institutions in China. We used the quality evaluation system to classify and grade the experiences based on the principles and methods of evidence-based science and performed a descriptive analysis. ResultsAfter the SARS pandemic in 2003, China systematically established and standardized the technical criteria of medical sewage treatment and discharge. Moreover, a prevention system for the epidemic using medical sewage was constructed, which guaranteed that the quality of medical sewage treatment and discharge would meet the criteria and protect the citizens, and the technical specifications of medical sewage treatment would progress and increase strictly. At present, medical sewage treatment in medical institutions in China was based on mechanical and biological methods, and disinfection was mainly performed using chlorine and its compounds, ozone, and ultraviolet light. ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic requires a higher quality of medical sewage treatment and discharge criteria for medical institutions in China. To meet these criteria, all medical institutions in China should check, replace, and update their old facilities; strengthen personnel training and effectively ensure the quality of medical sewage treatment.