Objective To assess the safety of intravenous infusion with self-made perfluorocarbon emulsion (PFE) in rats.Methods 35 Wistar rats were randomly divided into a normal control group and six PFE groups (n=5 in each group).The control group was intravenous injected with normal saline and six PFE groups with PFE.Blood samples were obtained from the PFE groups 5 min after injection via vena orbitalis for perfluorocarbon (PFC) measurement.The control group were sacrificed at 2 hours after injection，and the six PFE groups were respectively killed at 2 h，4 h，6 h，24 h，48 h and 10 d after injection.The blood levels of PFC，PaO2，GPT，GOT，BUN and Cr were measured.Pathological changes of lung，liver and kidney were also observed.Results All rats were in good health state after PFE intravenous injection with no obvious pathological changes in liver and kidney.PFC was wide distributed throughout the pulmonary alveoli and capillaries.The levels of GPT and GOT were higher in the PFC groups at 2，4，6 and 24 h than which in the control group (all Plt;0.05)，but there were no significant difference between the PFE 10 d group and the control group.The levels of BUN and Cr had no remarkably differences in all groups.Blood PFC concentrations were (20±1.8)mg/mL，(1.8±0.7)mg/mL，(1.5±0.6)mg/mL，(1.2±0.4)mg/mL，(0.5±0.2)mg/mL，(0.2±0.03)mg/mL，0 mg/mL in the PFE groups respectively at 5 min，2 h，4 h，6 h，24 h，48 h，10 d after injection.PaO2 of the PFE 2 h group was significant higher than which in the control group [(119.2±8.6)mm Hg vs (99.6±4.7)mm Hg，Plt;0.05].Conclusion Intravenous injection with PFE (10 mL/kg) can enhance PaO2 with good safety and no obvious influence on pathology of lung，liver and kidney，so may be used for the treatment study of acute lung injury.
Objective To compare the effects of oxygen therapy and local pressurization in alleviating plateau hypoxia at high altitude. Methods Forty-five healthy male soldiers were investigated at an altitude of 3992 meters. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups, ie. an oxygen inhalation group, a single-soldier oxygen increasing respirator ( SOIR) group and a BiPAP group. The oxygen inhalation group was treated with oxygen inhalation via nasal catheter at 2 L/ min. SOIR was used to assist breath in the SOIR group. The BiPAP group were treated with bi-level positive airway pressure ventilation, with IPAP of 10 cm H2O and EPAP of 4 cmH2 O. PaO2, PaCO2, SpO2 and heart rate were measured before and 30 minutes after the treatment. Results There were continuous increase of PaO2 from ( 53. 30 ±4. 88) mm Hg to( 58. 58 ±5. 05) mm Hg and ( 54. 43 ±3. 01) mm Hg to ( 91. 36 ±10. 99) mm Hg after BiPAP ventilation and oxygen inhalation, respectively ( both P lt; 0. 01) . However, the PaO2 of the SOIR group was decreased from( 56. 00 ±5. 75) mm Hg to ( 50. 82 ±5. 40) mm Hg( P lt; 0. 05 ) . In the other hand, the PaCO2 was increased from ( 30. 41 ±1. 51) mmHg to ( 32. 56 ±2. 98) mm Hg in the oxygen inhalation group ( P lt; 0. 05) , declined from( 28. 74 ±2. 91) mm Hg to ( 25. 82 ±4. 35) mm Hg in the BiPAP group( P lt;0. 05) ,and didn’t change significantly from( 28. 65 ±2. 78) mm Hg to ( 29. 75 ±3. 89) mmHg in the SOIR group ( P gt;0. 05) . Conclusions Both BiPAP ventilation and oxygen inhalation can alleviate plateau hypoxia by improving PaO2 at 3992 meter altitude while SOIR has no significant effect.
Objective To compare clinical outcomes between the performed titanium locking plate and nickel-titanium memory alloy embracing fixator for the treatment of multiple rib fractures, and to select a better internal fixator for multiple rib fractures. Methods A total of 206 consecutive patients with multiple rib fractures were admitted to Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery in Beijing Luhe Hospital of Capital Medical University from October 2011 to September 2016. According to different treatment strategies, the patients were divided into 2 groups: a performed titanium locking plate group (a titanium plate group, n=105) and a nickel-titanium memory alloy embracing fixator group (an embracing fixator group, n=101). There were 82 males and 23 females with a mean age of 46.5±9.7 years ranging from 23 to 65 years in the titanium plate group, and 83 males and 18 females with a mean age of 44.7±10.3 years ranging from 19 to 63 years in the embracing fixator group. The preoperative data, curative outcomes, visual analogue scale (VAS) and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Results There was no statistical difference in the preoperative data between the two groups, and all patients successfully completed the operation. Compared with the embracing fixator group, the incision length and operation time were shorter, intraoperative bleeding and VAS score were less, and curative outcome was better in the titanium plate group. Conclusion The performed titanium locking plate has a great advantage in the clinic, which can be preferred.