After the promulgation of the “Ten New Measures” for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the Nursing Department of West China Hospital of Sichuan University promptly analyzed the development and changes of the epidemic situation and the key and difficult points of nursing manpower emergency management, and constructed a “1+2+4+X” nursing manpower emergency management model for COVID-19 patients, including establishing a dedicated management team, assessing manpower needs, constructing a nursing manpower management model, on-site and online training, and dynamic monitoring and adjustment. From December 7th, 2022 to February 1st, 2023, the Nursing Department mobilized a total of 693 nurses, covering 4 temporary intensive care units and 30 temporary general wards. The hospital-wide qualification rate of airway humidification management for patients in temporary general wards was 94.9%, the qualification rate of artificial airway fixation was 97.9%, and the compliance of bed head elevation was 100.0%. The “1+2+4+X” nursing manpower emergency management model constructed is helpful for the reasonable scheduling of nursing manpower during the epidemic period and provides a reference for the emergency deployment of nursing manpower for the treatment of infectious disease epidemics in large medical institutions in the future.