Objective To investigate the etiological distribution of the patients with optic neuritis in China and compare the results with those in western countries. Methods Ophthalmological and neurological detailed clinical and laboratorial examinations were performed on 204 patients with primarily diagnosed optic neuritis (ON). We determined the etiologies using international accepted diagnostic criteria. Results Among 113 patrents with ON, 83(73.5%) were considered as with idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis ( IDON). Sinusitis was common in these patients but was considered to be the probable cause of ON only in 4. Tuberculo-meningitis caused ON was found in 2 cases and syphilitic ON in 1. The causes of 23 cases (20.4%) were unknown. Conclusions Idiopathic demyelinating ON is the most common pathogeny of ON. Despite of some minor differences of causes and prognosis, the etiology of presumed ON in our population is similar to that reported in western countries. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,2006,22:367-369)
Gout is caused by abnormal metabolism of purine. Its most common symptom attack of intense pain and swelling in the joints. Attacks of gout can according to the alteration if it is in acute interval periods. How can we get the optimal effect? The development of methodology has provided much convincing evidence for us to choose the most appropriate treatment.
ObjectiveTo investigate the risk factors for hypoparathyroidism following radical surgery for patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma (PTC).MethodsA retrospective analysis was made on 192 patients with PTC who underwent radical thyroidectomy in the Department of Head Neck and Thyroid Surgery of Henan Cancer Hospital from January 2019 to January 2020. There were 52 males and 140 females with a median age of 48 years. The risk factors of hypocalcemia and hypoparathyroidism syndrome were screened by χ2 test and binary logistic regression analysis.ResultsIn 192 patients the proportion of patients with normal or hypoparathyroidism after operation were 62.5% (120/192) and 37.5% (72/192), respectively. Univariate analysis showed that complications, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT), total thyroidectomy, N1a staging, Ⅵ lymph node dissection and parathyroid not planted were risk factors for postoperative hypoparathyroidism in patients with PTC. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that: ① HT, N1a staging and Ⅵ lymph node dissection were independent risk factors for postoperative hypocalcemia [without HT: OR=0.313, 95%CI (0.129, 0.760), P=0.010; N1a staging: OR=3.457, 95%CI (1.637, 7.301), P=0.001; without Ⅵ lymph node dissection: OR=0.115, 95%CI (0.041, 0.323), P<0.001]. ② HT, N1a staging, Ⅵ lymph node dissection and parathyroid not planted were independent risk factors for postoperative low parathyroid hormone [without HT: OR=0.285, 95%CI (0.117, 0.698), P=0.006; N1a staging: OR=3.747, 95%CI (1.762, 7.968), P=0.001; without Ⅵ lymph node dissection: OR=0.112, 95%CI (0.039, 0.317), P<0.010; planted parathyroid: OR=0.464, 95%CI (0.221, 0.978), P=0.043].ConclusionHT, N1a staging, Ⅵ lymph node dissection and parathyroid not planted are vital risk factors for hypoparathyroidism in patients with PTC after radical thyroidectomy.
In this paper, a new probe is proposed for the in vivo dielectric measurement of anisotropic tissue in radio frequency band, which could accomplish the dielectric measurement in perpendicular directions by one operation. The simulative studies are performed in the frequency range from 1–1 000 MHz in order to investigate the influence of probe dimension on the energy coupling and sensitivity of measurement. The suitable probe is designed and validated for the actual measurement in this frequency band. According to the simulation results, the energy coupling of the probe could be kept below –12 dB in the frequency range from 200–400 MHz with high sensitivity of measurement for the dielectric properties of anisotropic tissue. That indicates the new type of probe has the potential to achieve the dielectric measurement of anisotropic tissue in radio frequency band and could avoid the measurement error by multi-operations in the conventional method. This new type of probe could provide a new method for the in vivo dielectric measurement of anisotropic tissue in radio frequency band.
The acoustic detection method based on machine learning and signal processing is an important method of pathological voice detection and the extraction of voice features is one of the most important. Currently, the features widely used have disadvantage of dependence on the fundamental frequency extraction, being easily affected by noise and high computational complexity. In view of these shortcomings, a new method of pathological voice detection based on multi-band analysis and chaotic analysis is proposed. The gammatone filter bank was used to simulate the human ear auditory characteristics to analyze different frequency bands and obtain the signals in different frequency bands. According to the characteristics that turbulence noise caused by chaos in voice will worsen the spectrum convergence, we applied short time Fourier transform to each frequency band of the voice signal, then the feature gammatone short time spectral self-similarity (GSTS) was extracted, and the chaos degree of each band signal was analyzed to distinguish normal and pathological voice. The experimental results showed that combined with traditional machine learning methods, GSTS reached the accuracy of 99.50% in the pathological voice database of Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary (MEEI) and had an improvement of 3.46% compared with the best existing features. Also, the time of the extraction of GSTS was far less than that of traditional nonlinear features. These results show that GSTS has higher extraction efficiency and better recognition effect than the existing features.
ObjectiveTo explore the relationship of the level of inflammation and nutritional status with the occurrence and prognosis of refractory diabetic foot.MethodsA total of 70 patients with refractory diabetic foot between August 2015 and August 2017 were randomly selected as the observation group. Another 70 patients with diabetes mellitus (without foot ulcer) who visited the hospital in the same period were set as the control group. The observation group was subgrouped into the non-amputation group and the amputation group according to the follow-up endpoint events, and into the grade Ⅲ, Ⅳ, and Ⅴ groups according to Wagner classification method. The blood levels of inflammatory markers and nutritional markers between groups were compared.ResultsIn the observation group, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), fibrinogen (FIB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, lipoprotein phospholipase A2 (LP-PLA2), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were significantly higher than those in the control group, and albumin (ALB), prealbumin (PA), and transferrin (TRF) levels were significantly lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.01). The blood levels of FGF2, FIB, IL-6, IL-18, LP-PLA2, and CRP in the amputation group were significantly higher than those in the non-amputation group, and the levels of TRF, ALB, and PA were significantly lower than those in the non-amputation group (P<0.01). There were statistically significant differences in the levels of FGF2, FIB, IL-6, IL-18, LP-PLA2, CRP, TRF, ALB, and PA in patients with diabetic foot with different Wagner grades (P<0.05). The result of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that IL-6 [odds ratio (OR)=1.487, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.023, 2.120), P<0.001], IL-18 [OR=1.274, 95%CI (1.052, 1.665), P<0.001], LP-PLA2 [OR=1.478, 95%CI (1.126, 1.789), P<0.001], and CRP [OR=2.085, 95%CI (1.574, 2.782), P<0.001] were independent risk factors for the occurrence of refractory diabetic foot, and TRF [OR=0.645, 95%CI (0.002, 0.898), P<0.001], ALB [OR=0.838, 95%CI (0.429, 0.923), P<0.001], and PA [OR=0.478, 95%CI (0.201, 0.984), P<0.001] were independent protective factors for the occurrence of refractory diabetic foot.ConclusionIn the clinical treatment of diabetic foot, we should pay attention to the monitoring of the level of inflammatory factors and nutritional status, and it is necessary to timely carry out anti-inflammatory treatment and appropriate nutritional support treatment.
ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy of artificial intelligence (AI) detection on pulmonary nodule compared with multidisciplinary team (MDT) in regional medical center.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 102 patients with lung nodules in the Xiamen Fifth Hospital from April to December 2020. There were 57 males and 45 females at age of 36-90 (48.8±11.6) years. The preoperative chest CT was imported into AI system to record the detected lung nodules. The detection rate of pulmonary nodules by AI system was calculated, and the sensitivity, specificity of AI in the different diagnosis of benign and malignant pulmonary was calculated and compared with manual film reading by MDT.ResultsA total of 322 nodules were detected by AI software system, and 305 nodules were manually detected by physicians (P<0.05). Among them, 113 pulmonary nodules were diagnosed by pathologist. Thirty-eight of 40 lung cancer nodules were AI high-risk nodules, the sensitivity was 95.0%, and 25 of 73 benign nodules were AI high-risk nodules, the specificity was 65.8%. Lung cancer nodules were correctly diagnosed by MDT, but benign nodules were still considered as lung cancer at the first diagnosis in 10 patients.ConclusionAI assisted diagnosis system has strong performance in the detection of pulmonary nodules, but it can not content itself with clinical needs in the differentiation of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules. The artificial intelligence system can be used as an auxiliary tool for MDT to detect pulmonary nodules in regional medical center.