ObjectiveComparing the worldwide Essential Medicines Lists for Children (EMLcs) and National Essential Medicine List (NEML) of China (2012 edition), to provide evidence for establishing EMLc of China. MethodWe searched the official websites of WHO and Ministry of Health of some countries to identify published EMLcs. We compared the situation of updating, the number and classification of medicines, and the dosage forms between these EMLcs and NEML of China (2012). ResultBy August 2013, the WHO, India and South Africa had established EMLc. The number of medicines of NEML of China (2012) ranked first in the four lists. The WHO, India and China classified the medicines by pharmacologic action, while South Africa classified it by anatomical therapeutic chemical (ATC) classification. Except the WHO, India, South Africa and China did not have specific medicines for neonatal care or medicines for diseases of joints. The main administration routes in these four lists were oral administration, injection, and topical application. There were medicine restrictions in EMLcs of WHO and India, while no medicine restrictions in lists of South Africa and China. ConclusionMedicines listed in NEML of China (2012) do not match children's disease burden of China. The applicable dosage forms for children are few and the medicine restrictions are absent for the list. So this list is not suitable for Children.
ObjectiveTo explore the diagnostic value of CT-guided percutaneous needle aspiration biopsy (PTNB) for ground-glass opacity (GGO) pulmonary lesions. MethodsA retrospective design was used to collect clinical data of patients with GGO lesions admitted in the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College between Jan. 2009 to Jan 2015. Patients were divided into groups according the lesion size (≤10 mm, 10-20 mm,≥20 mm), length of needle path (≤5 cm, 5-9 cm,≥9 cm) and percentage of GGO component (50%-90%, >90%), respectively. The total and subgroups of sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of CT guided PTNB for diagnosing GGO were calculated and the differences among subgroups were compared using Fisher's exact test. Statistical analysis was conducted by using SPSS 17.0 software. ResultsA total of 60 patients involving 48 malignant and 12 benign lesions were included. The total sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CT guided PTNB for diagnosing GGO were 87.5%, 100% and 90%, respectively. There were no significant differences among the subgroups based on the lesion size, length of needle path, and percentage of GGO component (all P values >0.05). ConclusionCT-guided PTNB can be used as one of the diagnostic modalities for lung GGO lesions with a moderate diagnostic value.