Objective To investigate change of bispectral index(BIS) and hemodynamic index during induction and orotracheal intubation of sevoflurane anesthesia. Methods This study was a prospective before-after study in the same patients. A total of 30 ASA physical status I and II adult patients without airway abnormalities were enrolled to receive inhalation induction of anesthesia with 8% sevoflurane. Mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR) and BIS were recorded before anesthesia(T1),when patients loss of consciousness(T2), before intubation (T3),at 1 min(T4) and 3 min(T5) after intubation. Results BIS at T1-T5 were 96.8±1.7,70.4±8.8,39.2±8.4,43.6±12.9 and 41.6±9.3 respectively, the measurements at T2-T5 were all markedly lower than at T1(Plt;0.05). HR at T3-T5 were all markedly higher than at T1(Plt;0.05). MAP at T2 and T3 were markedly lower than at T1, but at T4 was higher than at T1(Plt;0.05), and recovered to the level at T1 at T5(Pgt;0.05).BIS,HR and MAP at T4 were all significantly higher than T3(Plt;0.05). Conclusion Anesthesia induction with sevoflurane and small dose of succinylchoiline we used can provide adequate depth of general anesthesia,but can not prevent cardiovascular adverse reactions to intubation.
【Abstract】Objective To explore the feasibility that the recipient against donor antigen-specific T lymphocytes clones are formed,and the suicide genes are induced into the clone. In the end it may induce the transplanted-organ tolerance. Methods The recipient rats were immunized by the donor rats-splenocytes, then the recipient’s T cell were isolated, purified and diluted with limited-dilute methods into single cell.The T cells were cultured by adding raise cells,ConA or IL2 under the different concentration and at last the T cell clone were formed. Results A stable recipient against donor antigen-specific T cell clone was established. The difference among the different immune groups was very significant(tgt;t0.05). The T cell clone was not formed without raise cells or only with raise cells. The rare clone could be formed by ConA stimulation but without IL-2. The clone-forming rate was associated with concentration of IL-2. ConclusionThe mature T cell is able to proliferate to form clone when the condition is suitable. The recipient is immunized with donor rats spleen cellular antigen. The T cells clones selected in the end are donor antigen-specific.
Objective To examine the relationship between ratio of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)/apoptosis and biology of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Thirty five cases of hepatocellular carcinoma were studied with TUNEL and immunohistochemistry. Results Positive rate of apoptosis in grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲand Ⅳ was 1.37%,0.70%, 0.67% and 0.25% respectively. Positive rate of PCNA in grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ was 17%, 19%, 75% and 80%. Ratio of PCNA/apoptosis in grade Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ was 19.04, 75.51, 138.01 and 345.52. Conclusion Ratio of PCNA/apoptosis is correlated with histological classification.
Objective To assess the effectiveness and safety of local versus systemic application of opioids for labor analgesia. Methods We searched PubMed (1966 to January 2008), EMBASE (1980 to January 2008), The Cochrane Library (Issue 1, 2008), CBM (1978 to January 2008), CNKI (1979 to January 2008) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving local versus systemic application of opioids for labor analgesia. Quality assessment and data extraction were conducted by two reviewers independently. Meta-analyses were conducted with The Cochrane Collaboration’s RevMan 4.2.10 software. Results A total of 12 trials involving 5909 participants met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses showed that local application of opioids was superior to systemic application in terms of maternal satisfaction with pain relief during labor (RR 1.63, 95% CI 1.27 to 2.09). No significant difference was found between the two groups in the incidence of low neonatal Apgar score at 5 minutes (RR 0.63, 95% CI 0.40 to 1.01). Conclusion Local application of opioids for labor analgesia appears to be more effective than systematic use in reducing pain during labor. But as for safety concerns, maternal and neonatal adverse effects are observed in both groups. Thus, more high-quality and large-scale RCTs are needed.
Objective To assess the effects on labour, maternal, and neonatal outcomes of different techniques and drugs for analgesia during labour. Methods We searched The Cochrane Library (Issue 4, 2006) , MEDLINE (Jan. 1978 to Oct. 2006) and CBMdisc (Jan. 1980 to Oct. 2006) to collect the current best evidence of labor analgesia. Results We included eight Cochrane systematic reviews and six other meta-analyses. The evidence showed that epidural analgesia was associated with a longer second stage of labour, more frequent oxytocin augmentation, higher incidence of instrumental vaginal delivery and maternal fever. But it was unlikely to increase the risk of caesarean section. Conclusion Epidural analgesia is superior to other approaches.
ObjectiveTo analyze risk factors of rebleeding after laparoscopic selective pericardial devascularization combined with splenectomy.MethodsThe clinical data of 147 cases of portal hypertension treated by the laparoscopic selective devascularization combined with splenectomy from February 2014 to September 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The univariate analysis was used to find the difference between the rebleeding group (n=20) and the non-bleeding group (n=127), then the multivariate logistic regression analysis was selected for screening out the most closely related risk factors for the rebleeding.ResultsThe rebleeding occurred in 20 of 147 patients (13.6%). There were differences in the platelet count, prothrombin time, serum albumin, diameter of main portal vein, classification of liver function, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, and portal hypertensive gastropathy between the rebleeding group and the non-bleeding group (P<0.050). The classification of liver function ［OR=3.444, 95% CI (1.211. 9.793）, P=0.020］, ascites ［OR=2.859, 95% CI (1.069, 7.645), P=0.036］, hepatic encephalopathy ［OR=4.265, 95% CI（1.121, 16.230）, P=0.033］, and portal hypertensive gastropathy ［OR=6.744, 95% CI (1.675, 27.156), P=0.007］, and platelet count ［OR=4.744, 95% CI (1.073, 20.969), P=0.040］ were the independent factors for the postoperative rebleeding by the logistic regression analysis.ConclusionFor patients with risk factors of rebleeding, preoperative treatment should be actively taken and postoperative prevention of rebleeding should be highly vigilant.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the efficacy of dexmedetomidine for controlled hypotension in orthognathic surgery. MethodsThe PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP and WanFang Data databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on dexmedetomidine for controlled hypotension in orthognathic surgery from inception to May, 2024. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed by using RevMan 5.4 software. ResultsA total of 8 RCTs involving 371 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the operation time of dexmedetomidine group was not significantly different from that of hypotensive drug group, but was shorter than that of saline group (MD=−23.20, 95%CI −44.05 to −2.35, P=0.03). There were no statistically significant differences in the mean arterial pressure and the intraoperative blood loss between dexmedetomidine group and the control group. Compared with those in the control group, the heart rate (MD=−18.78, 95%CI −30.80 to −6.77, P=0.002) and the incidence of postoperative adverse events (OR=0.25, 95%CI 0.08 to 0.76, P=0.01) in dexmedetomidine group were less than those in the control group significantly. ConclusionCurrent evidence shows that dexmedetomidine can be used effectively for controlled hypotension in orthognathic surgery. Due to the limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify above conclusion.
【Abstract】 Objective To establ ish a three-foot weight-bearing canine model to imitate the biomechanical loading environment of the human’s hip joint. To observe and compare the kinetic changes of hind l imbs between normal and three-foot weight bearing canines. Methods Using 10 beagles, three-foot weight-bearing canine models were made by fixing unilateral wrist joints at 90º flexionally. The changes of ground reaction forces and the time of standing phases (Ts) of the hind l imbs were compared by 3-D gait analysis pre- and postoperatively. Results Canines could walk well with three l imbs after the fixation of one fore l imb. However, the gait pattern changed tremendously. The canine walked jumpily by raising its head and neck, and the bilateral hind l imbs kept contacting ground alternately. Ts of ipsilateral hind l imb was (0.48±0.04)s, and Ts of contralateral hind l imb was (0.46±0.06)s. Although, the time durations were increased a l ittle, but there were no significant differences when compared with that of normal canines (0.43±0.05)s (P gt; 0.05). The vertical ground reaction force (Fz) of ipsilateral hind l imbwas (4.63±0.85) body weight, and the Fz of contralateral hind l imb was (4.78±0.49) body weight. There were significant increases when compared with the Fz of normal canines (3.26±0.48) body weight (P lt; 0.05). The peak acceleration force of the ipsilateral hind l imb was (0.80±0.30) body weight. There was significant increase compared with that of normal canines (0.72±0.13) body weight (P lt; 0.05). The peak acceleration force of the contralateral hind l imbs was (0.68±0.22) body weight, there was no difference compared with that of normal canines (P gt; 0.05). The peak deceleration forces of the ipsilateral and contralateral hind l imbs were —(0.26±0.14) body weight and —(0.13±0.05) body weight separately. They decreased significantly when compared with that of normal canines —(0.43±0.13) body weight (P lt; 0.05). In normal canines, the upper l imbs were main load bearingl imbs, they could bear 62.8%±2.4% of body weight. However, the hind l imbs could bear only 37.2%±1.8% of body weight. On the contrary, in three-foot weight-bearing canines, the hind l imbs became the main load bearing l imbs, they could bear 59.1%±6.7% of body weight. Conclusion Three-foot weight-bearing canine model can be used as a candidate animal model to research the effects of biomechanical loading on the progression of hip joint diseases.
ObjectiveTo investigate the role of interleukin-25 (IL-25) and its receptor during allergen challenge test in allergic asthmatics as well as its underlining mechanism.MethodsFifteen allergic asthmatic patients with dual response in allergen challenge test were enrolled and blood samples were collected before and after challenge test. The expression levels of IL-25 receptor on the surface of eosinophils, plasma and intracellular IL-25 levels were measured by flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Besides, the function of eosinophils from these patients was evaluated through the expression of type 2 cytokines, degranulation and chemotaxis after stimulation with IL-25.ResultsUpon allergen challenge, the expression of IL-17RB on the surface of eosinophils were increased from (7 426±2 824)/106 white blood cells to (19 446±5 593)/106 white blood cells (P<0.001). The expression of IL-17RA/RB on eosinophils were significantly increased from (4 508±1 360)/106 white blood cells to (9 025±3 166)/106 white blood cells (P<0.001). The plasma level of IL-25 increased from (650±45) pg/ml to (851±43) pg/ml (7 hours after allergen challenge) and (813±56) pg/ml (24 hours after allergen challenge) (P<0.001). The intracellular IL-25 expression of eosinophils was also upregulated from (10 398±1 909)/106 white blood cells to (147 684±46 222)/106 white blood cells (P<0.05). In vitro study, IL-25 (1 ng/ml) stimulated eosinophils for 2 hours promoted its expression of peroxidase [(12.5±4.2) ng/ml compared to control (1.26±0.4) ng/ml, P<0.05). The intracellular expression of IL-5 and IL-13 in eosinophils were also increased after stimulated by IL-25. IL-25 (1 pg/ml) stimulation compared to control could increase eosinophil migration in eotaxin [(36±3) vs. (69±5), P<0.05).ConclusionIL-25 and its receptor play a critical role in eosinophilic aggregation, activation and mobilization during allergic inflammation in allergic asthmatics.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of lymph node size on the pathological stage of colorectal cancer patients and analyze the relation between lymph node size and prognosis. MethodsThe patients with colorectal cancer underwent elective surgery in the People’s Hospital of Xindu District from 2017 to 2021 were retrospectively collected. The visible and palpable lymph nodes were harvested and the routine histological examination was performed. The effect of lymph node size on the pathological stage and prognosis of colorectal cancer patients were analyzed. ResultsA total of 300 patients with colorectal cancer were enrolled, with harvested 4 442 lymph nodes. Among them, measurement of lymph node size was completed in 4 086 lymph nodes, 198 lymph nodes (108 patients) of whom were found to be positive. There were 1 360 small lymph nodes (diameter <3 mm), 32 lymph nodes (24 patients) of whom were positive. Among the 24 patients, only 4 patients when detecting large lymph nodes (diameter ≥3 mm) was negative, but which was positive when detecting small lymph nodes (diameter <3 mm). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the lymph node diameter <3 mm had a lower probability of positive lymph node (lymph node diameter 3–6 mm as a reference, OR=0.49, P=0.015). After excluding 4 cases of subtotal colon resection and 4 patients with obvious abnormalities of lymph node, 292 cases were included to analyze the relation between the lymph node size and the number of detected lymph nodes, no correlation was found between the lymph node size and the number of detected lymph nodes in 292 integral patients or 106 patients with positive lymph node (r=0.148, P=0.075; r=–0.032, P=0.821). Moreover, no statistical difference of the lymph node size was found between the patients with ≥12 and <12 lymph nodes detected (P>0.05). However, in the 186 patients with negative lymph nodes, a positive correlation was found between the lymph node size and the number of detected lymph nodes (r=0.317, P=0.002), and lymph node diameter was significantly larger in the patients with ≥12 lymph nodes detected than in the patients with <12 lymph nodes detected (P=0.002). There were no statistical differences in the disease-free survival and overall survival among the patients with different lymph node sizes (<3 mm, 3–6 mm, and >6 mm) in both patients with positive and negative lymph nodes (P>0.05). ConclusionFrom the analysis results of this study, it is found that lymph node size has little effect on lymph node pathological staging, and no correlation between lymph node size and disease-free survival or overall survival is found in both patients with positive and negative lymph nodes.