ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect of mangiferin on acute spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats and its mechanism. MethodsNinety Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, 18 rats in each group. SCI was induced by using the Allen's method (60 g/cm) at T9 level in the rats of groups B, C, D, and E; laminectomy was performed at T8-10 in group A. The rats were injected intraperitoneally with saline in groups A and B, and with mangiferin in groups C (10 mg/kg), D (25 mg/kg), and E (50 mg/kg) every day for 30 days. The survival condition of rats was observed after operation; at 24, 48, and 72 hours after operation, the motor function of the hind limb was evaluated by the Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan (BBB) scores. The spinal cord edema was assessed by measuring the water content in spinal cord tissues at 72 hours. Meanwhile, malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH) were detected by ELISA; nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 were measured via ELISA at the same time. Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 were also detected by ELISA after mangiferin treatment for 30 days. The expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins were detected by Western blot. Pathological changes of the spinal cord was observed by HE staining. And Caspase-3 protein expression was detected by immunohistochemical staining. ResultsAll rats survived to the end of experiment. BBB scores of groups B, C, D, and E were significantly less than that of group A (P < 0.05), and it showed an increase trend from groups B to E (P < 0.05). The content of water of groups B, C, D, and E were significantly greater than that of group A (P < 0.05), and it showed a decrease trend from groups B to E (P < 0.05). ELISA showed that the activities of MDA, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9 in groups B, C, D, and E were significantly greater than that in group A (P < 0.05), and they showed decrease trends from groups B to E (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the activities of CAT, SOD, and GSH in groups B, C, D, and E were significantly less than that in group A (P < 0.05), and they showed increase trends from groups B to E (P < 0.05). Western blot showed that the relative expression of Bax protein in groups B, C, D, and E were significantly greater than that in group A (P < 0.05), and it showed a decrease trend from groups B to E (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the relative expression of Bcl-2 protein in groups B, C, D, and E were significantly less than that in group A (P < 0.05), and it showed an increase trend from groups B to E (P < 0.05). Histological observation showed that the pathological changes in group B were accord with that in SCI, and the degree of necrosis in groups C, D, and E were significantly improved when compared with that in group B, and the effect was better in group E than group D, and group D than group C. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the absorbance (A) value of Caspase-3 in groups B, C, D, and E were significantly greater than that in group A (P < 0.05), and it showed a decrease trend from groups B to E (P < 0.05). ConclusionMangiferin has neuroprotective effects on acute SCI in rats by alleviating edema of spinal cord, inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation response, and regulating the Bcl-2 and Bax pathway.
The rutile structure titanium oxide (Ti-O) film was prepared on the pure titanium material TA2 (99.999%) surface by the magnetic filter high vacuum arc deposition sputtering source. The method can not only maintain the material mechanical properties, but also improve the surface properties for better biocompatibility to accommodate the physiological environment. The preparation process of the Ti-O film was as follows. Firstly, argon ions sputtered to the TA2 substrate surface to remove the excess impurities. Secondly, a metal ion source generated Ti ions and oxygen ions by the RF discharge. Meanwhile a certain negative bias was imposed on the sample. There a certain composition of Ti-O film was obtained under a certain pressure of oxygen in the vacuum chamber. Finally, X-ray diffraction was used to research the structure and composition of the film. The results showed that the Ti-O film of the rutile crystal structure was formed under the 0.18 Pa oxygen partial pressure. A Nano scratch experiment was used to test the coating adhesion property, which demonstrated that the film was stable and durable. The contact angle experiment and the platelet clotting experiment proved that the modified surface method had improved platelet adhesion performance, and, therefore, the material possessed better biocompatibility. On the whole, the evaluations proved the modified material had excellent performance.
ObjectiveTo investigate the indications and clinical effect of pancreatoduodenectomy with extended lymphadenectomy for pancreatic head carcinoma. MethodsThe clinical data of 21 patients with pancreatic head carcinoma that performed pancreatoduodenectomy with extended lymphadenectomy between June 2010 to June 2011 in Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology were retrospective analyzed. The 21 patients included 15 men and 6 women with an age range of 36-57 years and an average age of 47.8 years. ResultsThere were 3 cases(14.3%), 9 cases(42.9%), 8 cases(38.1%), and 1 case(4.8%) in stageⅠ, ⅡA, ⅡB, andⅢ, respectively. Eighteen cases had a R0 resection(85.7%) and 3 cases had a R1 resection. The total number of resected lymph nodes were 14-43 with an average of 27.4. Lymph node invasion occurred in 10 cases(47.6%). The average operative time was 6.8 h(5-8.5 h) and the average amount of blood transfusion was 5.6 U(3-8 U). There was no death in this group and 5 cases(23.8%) had postoperative complications. Tree cases(14.3%) developed pancreatic fistula, 1 case(4.8%) developed bile leakage, 1 case(4.8%) developed abdominal hemorrhage, 1 case(4.8%) developed gastrointestinal bleeding, and 2 cases(9.5%) developed intractable diarrhea. Postoperative pathological results in high, medium, and low differentiated adenocarcinoma was 6 cases(28.6%), 10 cases(47.6%), and 5 cases(23.8%), respec-tively. Twenty one cases were followed-up, the follow-up time ranged from 5 to 40 months with a median time of 19 months. 1-, 2-, and 3-year cumulative survival rates was 66.7%, 38.1%, and 19%, respectively. ConclusionSelective application of pancreatoduodenectomy with extended lymphadenectomy in resectable pancreatic head carcinoma is conducive to increase the proportion of the radical resection and improve the prognosis, but the postoperative complications is higher.