Objective To investigate the MRI features of the autoimmune pancreatitis （AlP）. Methods MRI data of 8 patients with AIP were retrospectively analyzed. Results MRI showed that diffuse swelling of the pancreas in 8 cases. T1WI signal intensity homogeneous or inhomogeneous decreased， and T2WI signals intensity homogeneous or inhomogeneous increased. In arterial phase the enhancement of the lesion was not obviously，in portal venous phase there was gradual increase of enhancement. There was coated sample annular enhancement around pancreas， and the degree of enhancement was slightly lower than the pancreatic parenchyma. Pancreatic duct was irregular narrow. Conclusion AIP is a special kind of chronic pancreatitis，MRI features of AIP are helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of AIP．
Objective To investigate the anatomic factors on iatrogenic biliary injury for elevating surgical safety and decreasing incidence of iatrogenic biliary injury. Methods The clinical data of 39 patients with iatrogenic biliary injury and anatomic varied factors in operation records from January 2000 to August 2009 in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College were analyzed retrospectively. Results Thirty-nine patients with iatrogenic biliary injury were divided into 5 types according to Bismuth typing, including type Ⅰ 6 cases, type Ⅱ 19 cases, type Ⅲ 8 cases, type Ⅳ 5 cases, and type Ⅴ 1 case. Anatomic varied factors included bile duct variation in 15 cases, cystic duct abnormal position in 10 cases, vascular variation in 13 cases, and porta hepatis rotation in 1 case. Biliary injuries were found during operation in 6 cases, 24—72 h after operation in 16 cases, and stenosis of biliary duct was found in 17 cases 3 months to 2 years after operation. Two cases were dead because of liver function failure or myocardial infarction, withdraw was 4, the other patients were cured. Conclusion Anatomic factors are important objective elements in iatrogenic biliary injury, paying attention to abnormal anatomic factors can effectively prevent iatrogenic biliary injury.
Objective To investigate the best management in treating relapsed biliary calculi after endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST).Methods The clinical data of 96 patients with relapsed biliary calculi after EST in our hospital from February 1999 to February 2009 were retrospectively analysed. The patients were grouped into two groups by the size of calculi under magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography: surgical group (the size of calculi was bigger than 1.0 cm) in 79 cases and non-surgical group (the size of stone was smaller than 1.0 cm and the patients were performed EST again) in 17 cases. The relapsed biliary calculi rate between two groups were compared. Results In the surgical group, the 79 patients (82.29%) were performed common bile duct exploration, transected common bile duct and choledochojejunostomy with Roux-en-Y anastomosis. In the non-surgical group, the 17 patients (17.17%) were performed EST again. The relapsed biliary calculi rate was 2.63% in the surgical group, 70.59% in the non-surgical group. There was marked difference in the relapsed biliary calculi rate between surgical group and non-surgical group (Plt;0.05). Conclusion The operation treatment is the best way for relapsed biliary calculi after EST, and has good curative effect. The best manner of operation treatment is common bile duct exploration, transected common bile duct and choledochojejunostomy with Roux-en-Y anastomosis.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the value of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) on prevention of the complications in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). MethodsThe clinical data of 1 079 patients underwent LC from January 2006 to June 2010 in this hospital were retrospectively analyzed. According to the use of MRCP or not in the different period, the patients were divided into nonMRCP group (n=523) and MRCP group (n=556). The occurrence of bile duct injuries (BDI) and retained common duct stone (RCDS) were compared between two groups. ResultsConversion to open surgery was performed in 35 cases in nonMRCP group and in 41 cases in MRCP group. The intraoperative and postoperative BDI were found in five patients and RCDS were found in 27 patients in nonMRCP group, and those were not found in patients in MRCP group. The differences of BDI and RCDS of patients were significant between two groups (P=0.026 and P=0.000). In nonMRCP group, 23 of 55 patients were found common bile duct stones by intraoperative cholangiography. Common bile duct stones were found by intraoperative cholangiography other than preoperative MRCP in three patients in MRCP group, while another three patients did not find common bile duct stones by intraoperative cholangiography although preoperative MRCP suggested. By MRCP, double gallbladders were found in one patient, Mirizzi syndrome in eight patients, variant cystic duct in 34 patients, accessory hepatic duct in 28 patients, and complicating common bile duct stones in 27 patients in MRCP group, the diagnostic accuracy of those were 100%, 87.5%, 94.1%, 89.3% and 88.9%, respectively. ConclusionPreoperative MRCP is helpful to prevent BDI and RCDS for the patients with LC.
Objective To investigate the effect of angiostatin gene combined with somastatin on inhibiting proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cell BXPC-3 and endothelial cell of vascular ECV-304 and on inducing their apoptosis in vitro. Methods The pcDNA3/angio was transfected BXPC-3 by liposome-mediated gene transfer method. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of angiostatin gene. In vitro, MTT and flow cytometry (FCM) were used to detect whether angiostatin gene combined with somastatin could effect the growth inhibition of BXPC-3 and ECV-304 cells. Results Angiostatin was expressed and secreted by transfected BXPC-3. The growth of BXPC-3 was inhibited by certain concentration of somatostatin (≥10 μg/ml, P＜0.01）, which was dependent on the dose of somatostatin in a concentration extent; Simultaneity apoptosis was induced （P＜0.01）. But the growth of ECV-304 was not inhibited with somatostation （Pgt;0.05）. Angiostatin could inhibit the growth of ECV-304 and induced apoptosis （P＜0.01）, but it had no effect on the growth of BXPC-3 （Pgt;0.05）. Angiostation gene combined with somatostation could inhibit the growth both of BXPC-3 and ECV-304 （P＜0.01）, and induce apoptosis of them （P＜0.01）; but the effect couldn’t be additived. Conclusions ①Somatostatin directly inhibits the proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cells and induces apoptosis, but it doesn’t directly inhibit angiogenesiso of human pancreatic cancer. ②Angiostatin specially inhibits the proliferation of endothelial cell of vascular and induces apoptosis. Angiostatin could inhibit angiogenesis of human pancreatic cancer to induce necrosis of cancer cell.
Objective To study the effects of pcDNA3/AFP/TK/Angio fusion gene targeting therapy for human primary liver cancer in nude mice implanted with SMMC-7721. Methods Human liver cancer cell line SMMC-7721 was implanted subcutaneously in nude mice to establish experiment model. Animals bearing liver cancer were randomly divided into five groups: control group， vector group， GCV (ganciclovir) group， pcDNA3/TK/Angio group; pcDNA3/AFP/TK/Angio group. Different plasmids were directly injected into tumors and GCV was intraperitoneally administrated simultaneously according to different groups. The growth of tumors was observed and the pathology was examined as well. Serum AFP level was measured by radioimmunology, the ultrastructural change of tumor cells was studied by using electron microscopy, the expressions of MVD and VEGF were respectively detected with immunohistochemistry and the cell apoptosis in situ was detected by TUNEL. Results The success rate to establish subcutaneous implanted liver cancer model in nude mice was 100%. The tumor volume, serum AFP level, VEGF and MVD expressions of pcDNA3/TK/Angio group and pcDNA3/AFP/TK/Angio group were lower than those in control group, vector group and GCV group (P＜0.05) and more apoptosis cells could be observed. While the tumor volume, serum AFP level, VEGF and MVD expressions of pcDNA3/AFP/TK/Angio group was lower than those in pcDNA3/TK/Angio group (P＜0.05); and apoptosis index was higher than that of the latter (P＜0.05).Conclusion pcDNA3/AFP/TK/Angio fusion gene inhibits the growth of tumor remarkably and becomes a promising new biological agent to treat human primary liver cancer.