ObjectiveTo compare the point prevalence of nosocomial infection in a comprehensive hospital between 2014 and 2015, and to put forward prevention and control measures so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection. MethodsBy means of reviewing electronical medical records and beside investigation, the prevalence rates of nosocomial infection in patients hospitalized on June 4, 2014 and June 16, 2015 were investigated. Data were collected by a uniform questionnaire and analyzed by Excel 2007 and SPSS 18.0. ResultsThe nosocomial infection rates in those two time points were respectively 4.51% and 3.21% without a significant difference (χ2=2.246, P=0.134). Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Orthopedics were listed in the top five in terms of nosocomial infection rate for two consecutive years. The nosocomial infection sites were mainly lower respiratory tract, and a total of 64 strains were detected including mainly G? bacteria accounting for 76.6%. Antimicrobial agent usage covered 34.05% and 33.33% at those two time points. The purpose was mainly for therapy, and the pathogenic bacteria specimen detection rate was 68.06% and 59.73%, without statistically significant difference (χ2=0.114, 3.311; P>0.05). ConclusionThe prevalence of nosocomial infection in this hospital is at average national level but higher than the average level in Sichuan Province. Infection surveillance, prevention and control measures should be strengthened in key departments and key infection sites, and antimicrobial agent should be rationally used so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection.
ObjectiveTo understand the characteristics of and risk factors for nosocomial infection in a newly built branch of a university teaching hospital, in order to investigate the control measures for prevention and control of nosocomial infection. MethodsA total of 598 cases of nosocomial infection from April 2012 to June 2014 were enrolled in this study. We analyzed statistically such indexes as nosocomial infection rate, infection site, pathogen detection, and use of antibiotics. Meantime, infection point-prevalence survey was introduced by means of medical record checking and bedside visiting. ResultsAmong all the 44 085 discharged patients between April 2012 and June 2014, there were 598 cases of nosocomial infection with an infection rate of 1.36%. Departments with a high nosocomial infection rate included Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (9.79%), Department of Orthopedics (2.98%), Department of Geriatrics (2.62%), and Department of Hematology (1.64%). The top four nosocomial infection sites were lower respiratory tract (45.32%), urinary tract (13.21%), operative incision (8.86%), and blood stream (8.86%). The samples of 570 nosocomial infections were delivered for examination with a sample-delivering rate of 95.32%. The most common pathogens were acinetobacter Baumanii (17.02%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.21%), Escherichia coli (13.68%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11.93%), and Staphylococcus aureus (9.12%). And urinary tract intubation (42.81%), admission of ICU (28.60%), and application of corticosteroid and immunosuppressive agents (26.42%) were the top three independent risk factors for nosocomial infection. ConclusionGeneral and comprehensive monitoring is an effective method for the hospital to detect high-risk departments, factors and patients for nosocomial infection, providing a theoretical basis for prevention and control of nosocomial infection.