Purpose To study choroidal vascular abnormal characteristics in choroidal vascular abnormal characteristics in choroiditis using indocyanine green angiography(ICGA). Methods Thirteen cases (16 eyes) of choroiditis were examined with fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and ICGA. Results ICGA findings in choroiditis were as follows:(1) dilatation of choroidal vessels with segmentary appearance and irregular margind;(2) hyperpermeability of choroidal vessels;(3) choroidal filling defects; (4) choroidal hypofluorescence with edema;(5) dilatation of vortex veins. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1998,14:92-84) Conclusion ICGA is useful in evaluating the lesions and circulation disturbance of choroiditis which cannot usually be demonstrable in FFA.
Objective To analyse the indocyanine green angiographic findings in contralateral eyes of patients with unilateral exudative age-related macular degeneration(AMD). Methods Fundus photograph,fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA) and indocyanine green angiography(ICGA) were performed in a series of 70 patients with unilateral AMD and drusens and pigmentary changes in the macular region in contralateral eyes.The findings of fluoroangiograms were observed and analysed. Results ICGA revealed the characteristics of the contralateral eyes as follows:(1)Drusen could be hypofluorescent,hyperfluorescent or normal fluorescent;(2)14 eyes revealed plaque-like late hyperfluorescent;(3)13 eyes revealed choroidal filling defect;(4)18 eyes revealed pindot-like clusters of late hyperfluorescence. Conclusion ICGA is useful in evaluating the lesions and circulation disturbance of the contralateral eye,and may help to find the risk factors of developing future exudative changes. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 1999, 15: 216-218)
Objective To observe the clinical features of congenital hypertrophy of retinal pigment epithelium （CHRPE）. Methods The clinical data of 13 CHRPE patients including visual acuity, slit-lamp microscope examination, indirect ophthalmoscope examination and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) were retrospectively analyzed. The patients, 9 males and 4 females, with the mean age of 27.8 years. Results All patients were unilateral, without systemic diseases and no subjective symptoms in majority. Only 30.77% of initial diagnosis was correct, other diagnosis include choroidal nevi, old chorioretinopathy or no diagnosis. The round or oval black lesion was found in ocular fundus of all patients, 7.69% was located on the optic disk, 46.15% was located on the inferior temporal retina, 30.77% was located on the superior temporal retina, 15.39％ was located on the inferior nasal retina. 92.31％ was pigmented CHRPE and 7.69％ was non-pigmented CHRPE. FFA showed blocked fluorescence and transmitted fluorescence in the lesion, few eyes were found dilated capillary vessel and fluorescent leakage on the late stage of FFA, most eyes had normal retinal vessels. Conclusion The isolated CHRPE is round or oval black lesion in ocular fundus which lack of subjective symptoms, mostly located on the peripheral retina; the FFA characteristics showed blocked fluorescence and transmitted fluorescence, and CHRPE often misdiagnosed as other disease, it should be combine the ocular fundus manifestation with the FFA to diagnose properly.
Objective To compare the characteristics of the ocular fundus of exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). Methods The photographs of ocular fundus of 123 patients (137 eyes) with exudative AMD and 42 patients (48 eyes) with PCV diagnosed by fundus photography, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) were retrospectively analyzed. Results In 137 eyes with exudative AMD, 16 eyes (11.7%) had classic neovascularization (CNV), 121 (88.3%) had occult CNV. In the eyes with occult CNV, 42 eyes (34.7%) had hot spots, 74 eyes (61.2%) showed plaque hyperfluorescences and 2 eyes (1.7%) had hot spots with PCV in ICGA. In 48 eyes with PCV, 7 eyes (14.6%) had subretinal reddish-orange lesions, 2 eyes (4.2%) of the polypoidal dilations with branching vascular network were detected with FFA, 36 eyes (75.0%) demonstrated polypoidal dilations with branching vascular network, and 12 eyes (25.0%) showed scattered polypoidal dilations without identifiable continuous branching vascular network, 16 eyes (33.3%) had the polypoidal dilations resembling a cluster of grapes, and 32 eyes (66.3%) showed the polypoidal dilations as several solitary round aneurismal dilations. The polypoidal dilations showed either a washout of the dye from the polyp with staining of its walls or staining of the dye in the late phase of ICGA. Conclusions The different features of exudative AMD and PCV in the ICGA, and the PCV with subretinal reddish-orange lesions are useful in the differentiate diagnosis of the both diseases. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2004，20：307-309)
Objective To observe multimodality imaging features of different properties in multifocal choroiditis (MFC). Methods Twenty-eight patients (51 eyes) with MFC were enrolled in this study. There were 10 males and 18 females. The patients aged from 31 to 49 years, with the mean age of (41.5±0.8) years. There were 23 bilateral patients and 5 unilateral patients. All patients underwent best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), slit-lamp biomicroscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy, fundus colorized photography, infrared fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) examinations. The lesions were classified as active inflammatory lesion, inactive inflammatory lesion, active choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and inactive CNV. The multimodality imaging features of different properties in MFC was observed. Results In fundus colour photography, the boundaries of active inflammatory lesions were blurry, while inactive inflammatory lesions had relatively clear boundaries. Secondary active CNV showed mild uplift and surrounding retinal edema; Secondary active CNV lesions showed mild uplift, retinal edema around the lesion; Secondary non-active CNV had no retinal exudate edema lesions, but had lesions fibrosis and varying degrees of pigmentation. Infrared fundus examination revealed that both active and inactive inflammatory lesions showed a uniform punctate or sheet-like fluorescence. The fluorescence of CNV lesions was not uniform; there was a bright ring around the strong fluorescence. FAF found that active inflammatory lesions showed weak autofluorescence (AF), surrounded by a strong fluorescence ring; inactive inflammatory lesions showed AF loss. Secondary active CNV lesions showed strong AF with a bright ring along the edge, and obscured fluorescence for co-occurred hemorrhagic edema; secondary non-active CNV lesions were strong AF, surrounded by a weak AF ring. FFA revealed that active inflammatory lesions showed weak fluorescence in the early stage, and fluorescence gradually increased in the late stage with slight leakage. Inactive inflammatory lesions showed typical transmitted fluorescence. Fluorescein leakage secondary to active CNV was significant; lesions secondary to inactive CNV showed scar staining. In OCT, the active inflammatory lesions showed moderately weak reflex signals in the protruding lesions under the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The inactive inflammatory lesions showed penetrable RPE defects or choroidal scar, it also showed clear RPE uplift lesions with a strong reflection signal. Secondary active CNV showed subretinal fluid retention; secondary non-active CNV showed RPE defects and choroidal scarring. Conclusions Active inflammatory lesions in MFC have blurred boundary, retinal edema and fluorescein leakage in FFA; inactive inflammatory lesions have clear boundary and typical transmitted fluorescence in FFA, and no retinal edema. Secondary active CNV showed subretinal fluid in OCT; and secondary non-active CNV showed RPE defects and choroidal scarring.
Objective To observe the clinical manifestations and feat ures of fundus fluorescein angiograms(FFA)of patients with multifocal choroiditis (MFC)MethodThe data of 8 patients who had been diagnosed by clinic and FFA as with MFC were collected, and their clinical manifestatio ns and results of FFA were analyzed and valued.ResultsThe age of the 7 female and 1 male patients ranged from 16 to 32, and all of the 8 patients had high myopia (from -6.00 D to -8.00 D) with binocular multiple small yellowish white lesions in posterior pole of the fundus and a few phlogistic ce lls in vitreous body. In addition, macular choroidal neovascularization membrane (CNV) was found in 6 patients, binocular in 2 and monocular in 4. The results of FFA in 7 patients showed hypofluorescence of the yellowish white lesions at t he early phase and pigmentation at the late phase; Corresponding manifestations of FFA could be found in the patients attended by CNV surrounded by leakage.ConclusionMFC are mostly diagnosed in young females with myopia. Most of the patients had binocular affection with multiple small yellowish white lesions at the posterior pole, whose FFA shows hypofluoresence of the active lesions at the early phase and pigmentation at the late phase. CNV may occur in patients with MFC.(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2004，20：335－338)
Purpose Observation on changes of choroidal circulation in 21 cases (42 eyes) of retinal dystrophies. Methods Fundus fluorescein angiography (ICGA) were used for comparartive analyses of the retinal and choroidal blood circulation of 21 cases (42 eyes) of retinal dystrophic diseases. Results The changes of choroidal circulation,i.e.slow perfusion or filling defects were observed in four kinds of retinal dystrophies. Conclusion ICGA may assist in providing valuable informations on choroidal circulation of retinal dystrophic diseases. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1998,14:88-91)
Objective Observation on the characteristics of choroidal melanomas with indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) and fundus fluorescsin angiography(FFA). Methods Both ICGA and FFA were used in 16 cases of choroidal melanoma for comparison and analysis. Results 81.2% of tumors showed hypofluorescence all the way or faint fluorescence in later stage．62.6% of tumors had characteristic intrinsic tumor vassels with ICGA,while 12.5% of tumors had intrinsic vessels with FFA．Those tumors that can't be diagnosed owing to whole hyperfluorescence in later stage with FFA may be diagnosed by visibility of intrinsic tumor vessels with ICGA. Conclusion ICGA is helpful in the diagnosis of choroidal melanoma. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2000，16：3-5)
Objective To gain accurate imaging information of biliary tract after surgery. MethodsThe biliary tract of 170 cases after surgery had been observed dynamically from different directions for longer time. The results of data on biliary tract change were stored in disc, or picture. ResultsOf 170 cases, 120 cases were cured without any abnormal change on cholangiography, and then the Ttube was removed. Of another 50 cases, 30 cases revealed remnant stone on cholangiography, 9 cases showed inflammatory stricture of biliary tract, 4 cases displayed common bile duct tumor, and 7 cases had false fillingdefect. Then, the results were further confirmed by sonography, CT, choledochoscopy, and operation. Conclusion The dynamic observation of biliary tract by Ttube cholangiography after surgery is usual way that is handy, practical, painless, and economic.
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and the related factors of peripapillary subretinal hemorrhage (PPSRH). Methods The clinical documents of fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) of 23 patients (23 eyes) with PPSRH were retrospectively analyzed. Results All of the 23 eyes was myopes with middle or slight degree, and the corrected visual acuity was≥1.0. Among the 23 patients, 9 eyes were PPSRH, 13 eyes were PPSRH with disc hemorrhage, and 1 eye was PPSRH with disc and vitreous hemorrhage. All of the PPSRH was localed at the nasal edge of optic disc. Through FFA the hemorrhage showed blocked fluorescence and the optic disc showed nodular hyperfluorescence at the late phase, and nothing abnormal in the unaffected eyes. Conclusion PPSRH might be related to buried optic disc drusen. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2002, 18: 96-97)