There are various examination methods for cardiovascular diseases. Non-invasive diagnosis and prognostic information acquisition are the current research hotspots of related imaging examinations. Positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a new advanced fusion imaging technology that combines the molecular imaging of PET with the soft tissue contrast function of MRI to achieve their complementary advantages. This article briefly introduces several major aspects of cardiac PET/MRI in the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, including atherosclerosis, ischemic cardiomyopathy, nodular heart disease, and myocardial amyloidosis, in order to promote cardiac PET/MRI to be more widely used in precision medicine in this field.
Objective To explore the relationship between uric acid (UA) level and cardiovascular disease in patients with OSAHS and its clinical significance. Methods The electronic medical record system of the First hospital of Lanzhou University was used to collect 475 subjects who completed polysomnography (PSG) during hospitalization from January 2019 to May 2020. According to the Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome (Basic Version), the patients were divided into four group: control group [apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) <5 times/h, n=96], mild group (5≤AHI≤15 times/h, n=130), moderate group (15<AHI≤30 times/h, n=112), and severe group (AHI>30 times/h, n=137). The age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking history, drinking history, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and biochemical indexes [including triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, UA, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase, homocysteine], PSG indexes were observed and compared among the four groups, and the differences were compared by appropriate statistical methods. Binary logistic regression model was used to evaluate the correlation between various risk factors and cardiovascular disease. Results There were statistically significant differences in age, gender, BMI, drinking history, hypertension and cardiovascular disease among the 4 groups (P<0.05). The levels of UA and BUN in mild, moderate and severe groups were higher than those in the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). With the increasing of OSAHS severity, the level of UA increased. There was statistical significance in the incidence of cardiovascular disease among the four groups (P<0.05), and the highest incidence of arrhythmia was found among the four groups. And the incidence of cardiovascular disease increases with the increasing of OSAHS severity. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for cardiovascular disease in OSAHS patients were age, UA and BUN (P<0.05). Conclusions The occurrence of cardiovascular disease in OSAHS patients is positively correlated with the severity of OSAHS. The level of UA can be used as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in OSAHS patients. Therefore, reducing the level of UA may have positive significance for the prevention and control of the prevalence and mortality of cardiovascular disease in OSAHS patients.
Cardiovascular diseases is the leading cause of threat to human life and health worldwide. Early risk assessment, timely diagnosis, and prognosis evaluation are critical to the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Currently, the evaluation of diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases mainly relies on imaging examinations such as coronary CT and coronary angiography, which are expensive, time-consuming, partly invasive, and require high professional competence of the operator, making it difficult to promote in the community or in areas where medical resources are scarce. The fundus microcirculation is a part of the human microcirculation and has similar embryological origins and physiopathological features to cardiovascular circulation. Several studies have revealed fundus imaging biomarkers associated with cardiovascular diseases, and developed and validated intelligent diagnosis and treatment models for cardiovascular diseases based on fundus imaging data. Fundus imaging is expected to be an important adjunct to cardiovascular disease diagnosis and treatment given its noninvasive and convenient nature. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current research status, challenges, and future prospects of the application of artificial intelligence based on multimodal fundus imaging data in cardiovascular disease diagnosis and treatment.
Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) has long been used as a biomarker for the liver, kidney, and bone. Currently, increasing evidence suggests a correlation between serum ALP and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Research has shown that serum ALP affects endothelial cell function and induces changes in pyrophosphate through various mechanisms to accelerate vascular calcification and promote cardiac fibrosis. Therefore, this article reviews the potential value of serum ALP in CVD through relevant research, revealing the specific relationship between serum ALP and CVD, in order to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of CVD.
ObjectiveWearable devices refer to a class of monitoring devices that can be tightly integrated with the human body and are designed to continuously monitor individual's activity without impeding or restricting the user's normal activities in the process. With the rapid advancement of chips, sensors, and artificial intelligence technologies, such devices have been widely used for patients with cardiovascular diseases who require continuous health monitoring. These patients require continuous monitoring of a number of physiological indicators to assess disease progression, treatment efficacy, and recovery in the early stages of the disease, during the treatment, and in the recovery period. Traditional monitoring methods require patients to see a doctor on a regular basis with the help of fixed devices and analysis by doctors, which not only increases the financial burden of patients, but also consumes medical resources and time. However, wearable devices can collect data in real time and transmit it directly to doctors via the network, thus providing an efficient and cost-effective monitoring solution for patients. In this paper, we will review the applications, advantages and challenges of wearable devices in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, as well as the outlook for their future applications.
Cardiovascular disease has caused a huge burden of disease worldwide, and the rapid advancement of smart wearable devices has provided new means for early diagnosis, real-time monitoring, and event prevention of cardiovascular disease. Smart wearable devices can be classified into various categories based on detection signals and physical carrier types. Based on an overview of the composition of such devices, this article further introduces the current cutting-edge research and related market products related to smart blood pressure monitoring, electrocardiogram monitoring, and ultrasound monitoring. It also discusses the future development and challenges of such devices, aiming to provide evidence support for the research and development of smart wearable devices in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in the future.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has caused a huge burden of disease worldwide, and accurate diagnosis and assessment of CVD has a clear significance for improving the prognosis of patients. The development of artificial intelligence (AI) and its rapid application in the medical field have enabled new approaches for the analysis and fitting of various CVD data. At present, in addition to structured medical records, the CVD field also includes a large number of non-linear data brought by imaging and electrophysiological examinations. How to use AI to process such multi-source data has been explored by a large number of studies. Therefore, this review discusses the existing ways of processing various multi-source heterogeneous data with existing artificial intelligence technologies by summarizing various existing studies, and analyzes their possible advantages and disadvantages, in order to provide a basis for the future application of AI in CVD.
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a disease caused by the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques that leads to arterial hardening and impairment of contractility. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) can increase low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in plasma, which accelerates the development and progression of ASCVD. This article intends to review the biological characteristics and functional mechanisms of PCSK9, elucidate its impact on the development and progression of ASCVD, provide research literature support for the diagnosis and treatment of such diseases and improving the prognosis of patients.
The World Health Organization (WHO) released the “Global report on hypertension” on September 19, 2023. This report systematically summarizes the prevalence, mortality, diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in various countries, and elucidates the current situation of hypertension management, and gives a series of suggestions on how to manage hypertension, providing new thinking and inspiration for countries to optimize hypertension management. Through the summary of relevant studies and reports, this paper further reviews the present situation, early identification and management of hypertension.