Objective To explore the influencing factors of inhalation medication compliance in Chinese asthma patients, and to provide evidence for improving the compliance of patients with inhalation therapy. Methods PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, Chongqing VIP, and SinoMed were searched for literature on factors influencing inhalation medication compliance in Chinese asthma patients from the establishment of databases to December 2021. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2 software. Results A total of 16 studies were included, with a sample size of 2 600 cases, 1 084 cases of good compliance with inhalation administration, 1 516 cases of poor compliance with inhalation administration, and good compliance with inhalation administration accounted for 41.69%. The literature quality evaluation scores were all ≥4 points, all of which were of medium quality and above. Meta-analysis showed that the factors affecting inhalation compliance of asthma patients included age [odds ratio (OR)=0.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.32, 0.91), P=0.02], educational level [OR=0.57, 95%CI (0.36, 0.90), P=0.02], doctor-patient relationship [OR=0.42, 95%CI (0.19, 0.93), P=0.03], disease severity [OR=0.25, 95%CI (0.11, 0.58), P=0.001], degree of mastery of asthma knowledge [OR=2.51, 95%CI (1.11, 5.65), P=0.03], degree of mastery of inhalation technique [OR=8.66, 95%CI (3.20, 23.40), P<0.0001], adverse drug reaction [OR=0.23, 95%CI (0.13, 0.41), P<0.00001]. Conclusion The compliance of inhaled dosing in Chinese asthma patients needs to be improved urgently. Age, education level, doctor-patient relationship, disease severity, mastery of asthma knowledge, mastery of inhalation technology, and adverse drug reactions are the important influencing factors of inhaled medication compliance.
ObjectiveTo develop a smart orthosis personalized management system for the treatment of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and to evaluate the feasibility and efficiency through clinical preliminary applications.MethodsThe smart orthosis personalized management system consists of a wireless force monitor, a WeChat Mini Program, a cloud-based storage system, and a website backstage management system. Twenty-two patients with AIS who underwent orthosis treatment and met the selection criteria between March 2020 and December 2020 were enrolled. The follow-up time was 4 months. The parameters used to evaluate patients’ compliance were as follows (back and lumbar): baseline force value, measured force value, force compliance (measured force value/baseline force value×100%), measured wearing time (wearing time of force value was more than 0 N), and time compliance (measured wearing time/prescribed wearing time×100%), in which the prescribed wearing time was 23 hours/day. The baseline force values were measured at initiation, while the measured force value, measured wearing time, force compliance, and time compliance were measured during follow-up. The differences of these parameters between back and lumbar, and the differences among these parameters at 1, 2, 3, and 4 months after orthosis wearing were analyzed.ResultsThe average measured force value of 22 patients (back and lumbar) was (0.83±0.34) N, the average force compliance was 68.5%±17.9%, the average measured wearing time was (15.4±1.7) hours, and the average time compliance was 66.9%±7.7%. The baseline force value and measured force value of back were significantly higher than those of lumbar (P<0.05); the measured wearing time, force compliance, and time compliance between back and lumbar showed no significant difference (P>0.05). The measured force value, measured wearing time, force compliance, and time compliance at 1 month after wearing were significantly lower than those at 2, 3, and 4 months after orthosis wearing (P<0.05), no significant difference was found among 2, 3, and 4 months after orthosis wearing (P>0.05). At different time points after wearing, the measured force value of back were significantly higher than that of lumbar (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between back and lumbar on the other parameters (P>0.05).ConclusionThe smart orthosis personalized management system has high feasibility to treat AIS, and can improve the compliance of such patients with orthosis wearing.
Objective To study the effect of preparation conditions for small-diameter polyurethane(PU) vascular graft on microstructure and mechanical properties. Methods The small-diameter microporous PU artificial vascular grafts were prepared by dipping and leaching method. The dimension and microstructure were controlled by changing mold diameter, PU materials, salt sizes, salt to polymer ratio, times of dipping layers etc. The mechanical properties of PU grafts including radical compliance, water permeability, longitudinal strength, burst strength, and suture tearing strength were measured and the effect of the graft dimension and microstructure on their properties were studied. Results The internal diameter of grafts prepared was 2-4 mm depending on mold diameter. The wall thickness was 0.6-1.2 mmafter dipping 4-8 layers. The density was 0.23-0.49 g/cm3. The pore was 42-95 μm in diameter. The porosity was 56%80%. The radical compliance was 1.2%-7.4%·13.3 kPa-1 and higher compliances could be obtained by using moreelastic polyurethane, higher salt to polymer ratio, longer diameter and less wall thickness. The water permeability, mainly depending on salt to polymer ratio,diameter, and wall thickness, was 0.29-12.44 g／(cm2·min). The longitudinal strength was 1.55-4.36 MPa correlating with tensile strength of polyurethane and salt to polymer ratio. The burst strength was 60-300 kPa also depending on tensile strength of polyurethane and salt to polymer ratio. The suture tearing strength was 19.5-96.2 N／cm2 depending on tensile strength of polyurethanebut not on the angle of tearing and graft axial directions. The compliance and water permeability of Chronoflex grafts were higher than those of PCU1500 grafts, but longitudinal strength, burst strength, and suture tearing strength of PCU1500 grafts were better than those of Chronoflex grafts. Conclusion Small-diameter grafts with proper pore sizes, porosity, matching compliance can be obtained by selecting PU materials and optimizing the preparation conditions.
Objective To analyze the risk factors of hypertension combined with cerebral hemorrhage. Methods From May 2015 to October 2016, 92 hypertension patients with cerebral hemorrhage (group A) were enrolled; simultaneously, 110 hypertension patients without cerebral hemorrhage (group B) were included. We analyzed retrospectively the clinical data of two groups and the risk factors of hypertension complicated with cerebral hemorrhage. Results The results of univariate analysis showed that the ratios of patients in group A with the following indexes, >65 years old, body mass index >30 kg/m2, >7-year smoking history, triglyceride level >1.7 mmol/L, cholesterol level >5.72 mmol/L, high density lipoprotein level >0.9 mmol/L, and bad medication compiance, were much more higher than those in group B (P<0.05). The rusults of multivariate analysis showed that smoking history, diabetes mellitus history, hypertension history, triglycerides level, cholesterol level, bad medication compliance were the risk factors of hypertension combined with cerebral hemorrhage (P<0.05). Conclusions The risk factors of hypertension combined with cerebral hemorrhage include smoking history, diabetes mellitus history, hypertension history, triglyceride level, cholesterol level, and medication compliance. We shoud pay more attention to these factors in clinical practice.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of rehabilitation exercise on exercise tolerance and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with non-acute coronary syndrome (non-ACS) after interventional therapy.MethodsA total of 102 patients with coronary heart disease and non-ACS in our hospital from December 2018 to June 2019 were selected and randomly divided into a control group (n=51, 30 males and 21 females with an average age of 56.1±4.8 years) and a trial group (n=51, 34 males and 17 females with an average age of 55.1±4.9 years). The control group received routine treatment, while the trial group received regular supervised rehabilitation exercise on the basis of routine treatment. Patients were followed up for 6 months to compare the differences in cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure, blood lipid, fasting blood glucose), 6-minute walking distance (6MWD), adverse lifestyle changes and treatment compliance between the two groups after treatment.ResultsThe difference of 6MWD between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). In the trial group, 6MWD increased after intervention compared with that before intervention, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Comparison of total cholesterol (TC), high density liptein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density liptein cholesterol (LDL-C) and fasting blood glucose in the trial group before and after intervention showed statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The differences in TC, HDL-C and LDL-C in the control group before and after intervention were statistically significant (P<0.05). It was statistically significant in dietary compliance rate, smoking cessation rate and alcohol cessation rate between the two groups (P<0.05); the differences in the dietary compliance and drug compliance of the trial group before and after intervention were statistically significant (P<0.05).ConclusionRegular supervised rehabilitation exercise can significantly improve the exercise tolerance and cardiovascular risk factors of non-ACS patients after coronary intervention treatment, so as to improve the quality of life and long-term prognosis of non-ACS patients, which is worthy of clinical application.
Pulse waves contain abundant physiological and pathological information of human body. Research of the relationship between pulse wave and human cardiovascular physiological parameters can not only help clinical diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, but also contribute to develop many new medical instruments. Based on the traditional double elastic cavity model, the human cardiovascular system was established by using the electric network model in this paper. The change of wall pressure and blood flow in artery was simulated. And the influence of the peripheral resistance and vessel compliance to the distribution of blood flow in artery was analyzed. The simulation results were compared with the clinical monitoring results to predict the physiological and pathological state of human body. The result showed that the simulation waveform of arterial wall pressure and blood flow was stabile after the second cardiac cycle. With the increasing of peripheral resistance, the systolic blood pressure of artery increased, the diastolic blood pressure had no significant change, and the pulse pressure of artery increased gradually. With the decreasing of vessel compliance, the vasoactivity became worse and the pulse pressure increased correspondingly. The simulation results were consistent with the clinical monitoring results. The increasing of peripheral resistance and decreasing of vascular compliance indicated that the incidence of hypertension and atherosclerosis was increased.
Objective To investigate the effect of nursing practice on the treatment compliance in schizophrenic inpatients.Methods A total of 196 inpatients with schizophrenia met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly divided into two groups: the rountine nursing group (n=96) and the trial group (n=100). The trial group followed the paths of evidence-based nursing by confirming the affected facts of compliance, collecting the evidence, evaluating the evidence and incorporating this into nursing practice. The change of compliance was evaluated and two groups were scored by NOSIE-30 and BPRS at the beginning and 3 months later, respectively.Results The trial group had a significant improvement (Plt;0.05) on using the chosen treatment and had a lower relapse rate. Conclusions Implementing evidence-based nursing practice has a positive effect on the compliance with treatment of inpatients with schizophrenia.
ObjectiveTo explore the effect of family-school-hospital application in continuous nursing care for children with epilepsy. Methods120 children with epilepsy admitted to Children's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University from January 2021 to October 2022 were randomly divided into two groups, each with 60 cases. The control group received routine care, while the experimental group received family-school-hospital continuous care. Compare the awareness of epilepsy knowledge, disease control effectiveness, medication compliance, negative emotions, physical and mental status, and quality of life before and after nursing between the families of two groups of children with epilepsy. ResultsAfter 2 months of nursing care, the scores of family members' knowledge of epilepsy in the experimental group were higher than the control group (P<0.05). The effect of disease control in the experimental group was better the control group (P<0.05). The drug compliance of the experimental group was higher than the control group (P<0.05). The quality of life score in the intervention group was higher than the control group (P<0.05). ConclusionThe application of family-school-hospital in the continuous care of children with epilepsy can improve their family members' awareness of epilepsy knowledge, effectively control the disease, improve medication compliance, improve negative emotions and physical and mental conditions, and thus improve the quality of life of children.
ObjectiveTo investigate the medical knowledge and treatment compliance of parents of asthma children in Gaoming District, Foshan City. MethodOne hundred consecutive parents of asthma children who sought pediatric service in Gaoming People's Hospital from January to December in 2012 were surveyed by the use of Knowledge-Belief-Behavior Questionnaire developed by Capital Research Center of Pediatrics. ResultsNinety-five of the one hundred questionnaires provided useful data for analysis. Among these parents, 63.18% understood the nature of asthma being hyperactive inflammatory disease of the airways; 78.91% believed it to be controllable by regular treatment; only 21.05% of asthma children under parental guidance received inhaled corticosteroids on a regular basis; 14.74% considered their children fit for physical exercises when stabilized; 22.10% chose inhaled β2 agonists as "relievers" during attacks; 61.05% were concerned about the side effects on growth of inhaled corticosteroids and 48.42% discontinued its use against physician's instruction; 82.11% of asthma children had not been evaluated by Asthma Control Questionnaire. ConclusionsParents of asthma children in Gaoming District, Foshan City have weak links in the understanding of this condition. Though most believe it to be controllable under regular treatment, the overall compliance is unsatisfactory. Therefore, knowledge of asthma should be propagated at various public fronts in order to better improve the treatment compliance and consequently the disease control, of asthma children.
ObjectiveTo investigate the problems in the use of quick-drying hand disinfectants and formulate intervention measures to improve the hand hygiene compliance of nursing staff.MethodsFrom February 2014 to June 2016, the hand hygiene compliance of nursing staff was continuously observed according to the hand hygiene observation table recommended by the World Health Organization. The questionnaire on the use of quick-drying hand disinfectants, which passed the reliability and validity test, was used to find out the reasons leading to the low compliance rate of hand hygiene among nurses, and pertinent interventions were formulated. From November 2016 to December 2017, intervention measures were gradually implemented throughout the hospital, and the hand hygiene compliance of nursing staff was continuously observed again. Then we compared the compliance rate of hand hygiene and the compliance rate of hygienic hand disinfection among nurses in the second quarter of 2016 (before intervention) with those in the last quarter of 2017 (after intervention).ResultsThe compliance rates of hand hygiene and hygienic hand disinfection among nurses before intervention were 62.15% and 49.77%, respectively, and those after intervention were 91.64% and 90.80%, respectively. The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).ConclusionThe factors affecting the hand hygiene compliance of nursing staff are identified through questionnaires and targeted intervention measures have effectively improved the hand hygiene compliance rate of nursing staff.