Objective The purpose of this study is to compare the differences of opened collateral circulation status between hepatic portal hypertension (HPH) and pancreatogenic portal hypertension (PPH), to guide the clinical treatment. Methods From Nov. 2015 to Oct. 2017, data of 119 cases of computed tomography portography (CTP) from the Department of Radiology of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital and Department of Radiology of West China Hospital of Sichuan University were retrospective analyzed, and the patients were divided into 2 groups, namely the HPH group (77 patients) and PPH group (42 patients) according to different causes. The diameter of portal vein system (including trunk of portal vein, left gastric vein, splenic vein, superior mesenteric vein, and gastroepiploic vein) and the incidences of varicose veins (lower esophageal vein, gastric fundal vein, gastric body vein, Retzius vein varix, umbilical vein open, and splenorenal shunt), as well as the degree of varicose of lower esophageal vein, gastric fundal, and gastric body vein were compared. Results The diameter of portal vein in the HPH group was larger than that of the PPH group, but the diameter of gastroepiploic vein was smaller than that of the PPH group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in left gastric vein, splenic vein, and superior mesenteric vein between the 2 groups (P>0.05). Significant differences were found in varicose veins incidence of gastric and lower esophageal vein (P<0.05), the varicose veins incidence of gastric was lower and varicose veins incidence of lower esophageal vein was higher in the HPH group. Statistically significant differences were also found in the incidence of umbilical vein open, Retzius varicose veins and splenorenal shunt between the 2 groups (P<0.05), and the incidences were all higher in the HPH group. Conclusions There are differences in collateral circulation status between the HPH and PPH. Gastric fundal and lower esophageal vein varices are easy to appear simultaneously in HPH, while gastric fundal and body vien varices are mostly only occurred in PPH. Compared with HPH, the degree of gastric fundal and lower esophageal vein varices is more mild in PPH.