Post-stroke cricopharyngeal achalasia is a common swallowing disorder that significantly impacts patients’ quality of life. Traditional treatments have limited efficacy, and in recent years, botulinum toxin injections have gained widespread application due to their therapeutic effects. This method involves local injection to relax the cricopharyngeal muscle, improving swallowing function while enhancing safety and comfort, with relatively long-lasting efficacy. However, current practices lack standardised procedures and precise targeting. Future efforts should focus on optimising treatment protocols to enhance efficacy and reduce adverse reactions. This article reviews the current state of research on botulinum toxin treatment for post-stroke cricopharyngeal achalasia, with the aim of providing a basis for standardised treatment in the future.