Objective To analyze the causes of injury-related deaths of permanent residents in Zigong city, so as to provide scientific references for the prevention and control of injury deaths and for putting forward to relevant health policies as well. Methods Based on the death surveillance data of Zigong from 2001 to 2009, following indicators were analyzed, such as cause specific mortality, age specific mortality and potential years of life lost (PYLL). Results An accumulative total of 10 957 people died of injury from 2001 to 2009, and the crude mortality was 38.13/100 thousands, while the standardized mortality was 36.07/100 thousands. The highest mortality was at the age of more than 65 years of age. The first six injury death causes were as follows: drowning, transport accidents except motor vehicle, suicide, motor vehicle accidents, accidental falling and accidental poisoning. The PYLL of injury death was 334 325.50 person year, APYLL was 34.67 year, and the PYLL rate was 11.63‰ which was higher in male than that of female. Conclusion The epidemiological analysis of injury-related deaths shows an ascending trend, which is the main reason resulting in the loss of residents’ life. Injury has become one of the most serious problems of public health, and it should be prevented and controlled by formulating effective measures and strategies aiming at the injury death spectrum and the target population of Zigong city.
Objective To analyze the death cause of residents in Zigong from 1985 to 2009, so as to provide the government with scientific information of health strategies, and disease prevention and control. Methods The death surveillance data in Zigong residents from 1985 to 2009 were collected, and the indexes such as all death mortality rate, infant mortality rate, maternal mortality rate, disease-specific mortality rate, age-specific mortality rate, and life expectancy were analyzed. Results The all death mortality rate had fluctuation of plus or minus 6‰, and the male mortality rate was higher than the female (χ2=8 059.769, P=0.000). The six main influencing factors of the death of Zigong residents were as follows: respiratory system diseases, circulatory system diseases, tumour, injury and poisoning regarded as external cause diseases, digestive system diseases, and infectious diseases and parasitic diseases. The mortality rates of different districts were statistically different (χ2=1 643.926, P=0.000), and Fushun County was the highest among them after standardization. The curve of mortality rate in different sex and age groups was changed alike letter “U”. The mortality rate was ascending with the age in the group of over 15 years old, the ascending trend was more evident especially after 50 years old. The infant mortality declined steadily and was well controlled. The maternal mortality declined obviously. The average life expectancy for the whole city was 74.72, which showed an ascending trend. Conclusion The chronic diseases are the main death cause of residents in Zigong. The prevention and controlling of acute infectious diseases and parasitic diseases should be persistently performed for declining both incidence rate and mortality rate. The Zigong city is gradually stepping into aging society, which requires the great development of senior work.
Objective To establish a stable model of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) using donation after cardiac death (DCD) in rat, and to analyze death causes within 24 h after OLT, then explore appropriate treatment strategies for it. Methods The heart arrested 10 min before liver graft harvesting. The rat OLT model using DCD was performed by Kamada two-cuff technique. The operative time and death were recorded. Results One hundred OLT models using DCD were performed successfully within 40 d, the donor operative time was (20±5) min, the recepient operative time was (55±5) min, the anhepatic phase was (20±3) min. Nine rats were died during the operation, including 4 cases of massive haemorrhage, 1 case of anesthesia accident, 1 case of longer anhepatic phase, 1 case of sleeve implant failure, and 2 cases of aeroembolism. Twenty-two rats died within 12 h after the operation, including 6 cases of intestinal necrosis, 6 cases of anastomotic bleeding, 3 cases of pulmonary edema, 4 cases of intraoperative massive haemorrhage, 2 cases of vascular embolism, and 1 case of unexplained death. Nineteen rats died 12–24 h after the operation, including 9 cases of intestinal necrosis, 3 cases of anastomotic bleeding, 2 cases of pulmonary edema, 1 case of intraoperative massive haemorrhage, 1 case of vascular embolism, and 3 cases of unexplained death. Conclusions There are many reasons resulting in early death of rat OLT using DCD, postoperative intestinal necrosis, intraoperative and postoperative bleeding, and postoperative pulmonary edema are main causes. For these reasons, prevention and improvement measures are helpful to establish a stable model and improve a successful rate of rat OLT using DCD.
ObjectiveTo analyze the early outcomes of 203 neonates with low birth weight (<2 500 g) undergoing cardiac surgery, and to analyze the causes of death during hospitalization.MethodsFrom June 2003 to June 2017, medical records of 203 neonates with low birth weight undergoing congenital heart surgery in Guangdong General Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. There were 124 males and 79 females, including 151 premature infants. The average birth weight was 1 719±515 g, the average age at operation was 32.7±20.2 d and the average weight at operation was 1 994±486 g. The causes of death during hospitalization (including neonates given up on treatments) were analyzed.ResultsTotally 103 patients had pneumonia, 98 patients needed mechanical ventilation to support breathing and 26 patients needed emergency operation before operation. All patients undergoing congenital heart surgery were treated with general anesthesia with tracheal intubation, including 107 patients under non cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and 96 patients under CPB with a mean CPB time of 96.5±71.7 min and a mean aorta cross-clamp time of 51.8±45.5 min. The average postoperative mechanical ventilation time was 9.1±21.5 d and the average postoperative length of stay was 26.7±19.3 d. The major postoperative complications included pneumonia, anemia, atelectasis, septicemia, intrapleural hemorrhage, diaphragm paralysis and cardiac dysfunction. Twenty-nine patients died during hospitalization and the overall mortality rate was 14.3%. Four patients died in the operation room, 14 patients died 72 hours after operation and 2 patients were given up. The main causes of hospitalized death were low cardiac output syndrome, severe infection, disseminated intravascular coagulation disorder, acute renal failure and pulmonary hypertension crisis.ConclusionOverall, early cardiac surgery for low birth weight neonates is safe and effective. The difficulty of the cardiac surgery is the key to the prognosis. Strengthening perioperative management can improve the quality of operation and reduce the risk of mortality and morbidity during hospitalization.
ObjectiveTo analyze the cause of death in low-risk cardiac surgery patients during postoperative period and discuss the prevention and treatment methods to increase the survival rate.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 132 patients dead after cardiac surgery from January 2014 to December 2018, among whom 35 patients had a EuroSCORE Ⅱ score <4% (low-risk cardiac surgery patients), including 20 males and 15 females aged 62.7±13.4 years. The cause of death in these low-risk patients was analyzed.ResultsThe main causes of death were cardiogenic and brain-derived causes (60.0%), and infections and ogran failure (45.7%). Pulmonary infection and low cardiac output after surgery were the main causes of death. Cerebral infarction, malignant arrhythmia and multiple organ failure were the common causes of death. There were 4 deaths (11.4%) caused by accidents, including gastrointestinal bleeding caused by esophageal ultrasound probe, cough and asphyxia caused by drinking water, postoperative paralytic ileus and multiple perioperative allergic reactions caused by allergic constitution.ConclusionPostoperative treatment and prevention for low-risk cardiac surgery patients should be focused on postoperative infection, and cardiac and brain function protection. Changes in various organ functions need to be closely monitored for preventing organ failure, accidents should be strictly controlled, and more details of intraoperative and postoperative treatment still need to be further improved.