Objective To improve the knowledge of kartagener syndrome and the understanding of primary ciliary dyskinesia ( PCD) . Methods Three cases of Kartagener syndrome were reported and analyzed on clinical manifestations, symptoms, imaging appearances of chest, and family history. Meanwhile the related literatures were reviewed. Results The three patients deserved special recognition because of recurrent upper and lower respiratory tract infection. Of them, the third case showed mainly the symptoms of nasosinusitis at an early age, and the distinct pulmonary symptoms appeared in his adulthood. Further examination showed that the triad of chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis, and situs inversus is present in all cases. The parents of the two cases were consanguineous marriaged. Examination of the bronchial mucosal biopsy specimen of the first case under transmission electron microscopy showed cilia with the absence of inner dynein arms. The three cases got improvement after treatment of anti-infection and expectorant. Conclusion For patients with recurring infection in the upper and lower respiratory tract from infancy, the possibility of PCD should be considered no matter whether a situs inversus exists.
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive technique that uses constant low-intensity direct current (1 to 2 mA) to regulate neuronal activity in the cerebral cortex. In recent years, tDCS has received more and more attention as a tool to explore human brain function and treat various neurological diseases. However, there is still a lack of systematic and comprehensive reviews in the tDCS treatment of post-stroke dysfunction. This article reviews the treatment of post-stroke dysfunction with tDCS, integrates relevant basic research and clinical research in recent years, summarizes and discusses the theoretical mechanism and application effect of tDCS in the treatment of post-stroke dysfunction, so as to provide a basis for further research.
ObjectiveTo explore the best nursing regimen for patients with severe Tardive dyskinesia (TD) after deep brain stimulation (DBS). MethodsTo analyze the clinical nursing data of 7 patients with TD treated by DBS in our department from January 2018 to August 2019, preoperative assessment of the patient's condition, dyskinesia care, psychological care, preoperative preparation, preoperative guidance, etc. General nursing, observation and nursing of complications, psychological nursing, safety management and rehabilitation training of limb function were carried out after operation discharge to discharge guidance, daily life guidance, DBS device-related education and other post-discharge continuous care to help patients improve quality of life. The changes of TD symptoms were assessed with the abnormal involuntary movement scale -LRB-AIMS, the nursing effect was assessed with the psychiatric nursing observation sc-Nosiee (NOSIE) , and the self-care ability was assessed with the ability of daily livin-ADL- scale (ADL). ResultsAll of the 7 TD patients recovered well after operation, without complications caused by improper nursing, and the TD symptoms were relieved. The AIMS and NOSIE scores were significantly lower at 1 month, 3 months and 1 year after operation than those before operation (P<0.05). The ADL scores were significantly higher than those before operation (P<0.05). ConclusionIn order to treat TD patients with DBS operation, we should pay attention to the pertinent nursing in perioperative period and the continuous nursing after discharge, it is of great significance to relieve the symptoms of involuntary movement, improve the mental state and improve the self-care ability of patients with TD.