Background Tongxinluo capsule is a new drug for cardio- cerebral vascular diseases on the national essential drug list of China, and the second-class award of National Science and Technology Development of China, 2001. Objective This review aims to assess the effect (harms and benefits) of Tongxinluo capsule for unstable angina. Search strategy electronic searchs The Cochrane Heart Review Group specialised trials register,The Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, published in the latest issue of the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CBM, Chinese Cochrane Centre Controlled Trials Register, Current Controlled Trials (www. controlled-trials. com), The National Research Register Handsearchs We will search 83 journals of Chinese traditional medicine. Inclusion riteria We will include randomised controlled trials of Tonxinluo capsule versus placebo or other current phamarcotherapy or other Chinese medicinal herbs in the participants with unstable angina pectoris. Studies will report mortality (sudden death from acute myocardial infarction), severity of angina pectoris, frequency of acute attack angina, ECG improvement, rate of dosage reducing or taking frequency of nitroglycerine and symptom improvement, etc. Data analysis Data will be included in a meta-analysis if they are available, of sufficient quality and sufficiently similar.
The re-evaluation of the effectiveness of new drugs is of great importance when they are in post-market for there exist some limitations in clinical trials before these drugs are put on the market. The large sample multi-centre randomized controlled trial is the best method of re-evaluation of the effectiveness of new drugs. It could appropriately evaluate not only the large-term efficacy and safety of drugs, but the treatment effect on the survival state and its complications as well. This method will also lead to a great social amp; economic benefit.
This article introduced search methods for adverse effects of healthcare interventions in MEDLINE, EMBASE and CBM (Chinese Biomedical Literature Database). The search strategies included the selection of publication type and the determination of medical subject headings and keywords both in English and Chinese, which will help identify relevant reports.
ObjectiveTo investigate antifungal activity in vitro of single or combination of triazole and echinocandin against Aspergillus species. MethodsBased on EUCAST protocol,the susceptibilities of 62 isolates of Aspergillus spp. were determined for voriconazole (VRC),itraconazole (ICZ),caspofungin (CAS) and micafungin (MICA). For VRC and ICZ,MIC-0 and MIC-2 were determined. For CAS and MICA,minimum effective concentration (MEC) and MIC-2 were determined. The fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) was used to evaluate the effect of combination of triazole and echinocandin. ResultsIndifference was found in 2 isolates of Aspergillus fumigatus in combination of ICZ and CAS or MICA by using MIC-0 endpoint. Synergy was found in all other isolates of Aspergillus spp.With MIC-2 and MEC endpoints,synergy for VRC and CAS,VRC and MICA,ICZ and CAS and ICZ and MICA was found in 16,21,11 and 14 isolates of Aspergillus fumigatus,9,13,9 and 11 isolates of Aspergillus flavus,0,2,1 and 1 isolates of Aspergillus niger,respectively. ConclusionThe in vitro sensitivity results of combination of triazole and echinocandin are different with different endpoints. Thus,the efficacy of combination of triazole and echinocandin can not predicted by in vitro sensitivity and should be further confirmed in invasive aspergillosis animal experiments.
Objective To analyze and compare the clinical efficacy and advantage between two treatments methods for chronic anal fissure. Methods Divided 96 patients with chronic anal fissure into two groups based on the odd and even numbers of treatment order: 48 patients in study group received sequential anal dilation and microwave treatment, and 48 patients in control group received posterior internal sphincterotomy. The blood loss in operation, wound healing time, wound infection rate, anal infection rate, anal control, postoperative defecation function, anal stenosis rate, and the recurrence rate between the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results Blood loss and wound healing time were less in study group than those in control group (Plt;0.01). Anal control was better in study group than that in control group (Plt;0.05). There were no occurrences of wound infection or anal infection, and the defecation function was improved in both of the two groups. There was no recurrence after one year follow-up in both of the two groups. Anal stenosis rate in study group is lower than that in control group (Plt;0.01). Conclusion The technique of sequential anal dilation and microwave treatment can reduce pain, and is simple, effective, and worthy of promotion.
Objective To assess the curative effect of percutem transilluminated with negative pressured on the potaried technique on the treatment of venous ulcer in lower extremity. Methods The clinical date of 300 cases involving 300 legs with venous ulcer in lower extremity， who underwent the percutum transilluminated negative pressured potaried technique using TRIVEXTM Ⅱ potaried system or the percutum transfixion surgical treatment from October 2005 to June 2009, were analyzed. Three hundred cases were randomly divided into potaried group and transfixion group. In potaried group, there were 190 cases involving 190 legs treated with TRIVEXTM Ⅱ potaried system. In transfixion group, 110 cases involving 110 legs treated with percutum transfixion. The clinical indexes of skin infection rate and skin necrosis rate, shrinkage rate of wound area and skin depigmentation rate, ulcer healing rate and ulcer recurrence rate were calculated to assess the clinical curative effect on day 5, day 20, day 120 and day 360 after operation respectively. Results The rates of skin infection and skin necrosis were significantly decreased in potaried group compared with transfixion group on day 5 after operation (P＜0.05), the rates of shrinkage of wound area and skin depigmentation were significantly increased in potaried group compared with transfixion group on day 20 (P＜0.05). The ulcer healing rate was not significantly different between the two groups on day 120 (Pgt;0.05). Ulcer recurrence rate was remarkably lower in potaried group than that in transfixion group on day 360 (P＜0.05). Conclusion It can be concluded that percutem transilluminated with negatived pressured on the potaried technique with TRIVEXTM Ⅱ potaried system can efficiently promote the healing of venous ulcer in the lower extremity, and at the same time it has an ascendancy in lessening skin infection and skin reinjury.
Objective To summarize the advance of bioenergetic metabolic mechanisms of cancer cell. Methods Literatures about the recent studies on the bioenergetic metabolic mechanisms of cancer cell were reviewed.Results Cancer cells required a steady source of metabolic energy in order to continue their uncontrolled growth and proliferation. Accelerated uptake of glucose and glycolysis was one of the biochemical characteristics of hypoxia cancer cells. Glucose transport and metabolism were essential for the survival of tumor cells, leading to poor prognosis. Conclusions The studies on relationships between hypoxia-inducible genes and cancer have come a new understanding of the bioenergetic metabolic mechanisms of cancer cell, become new and important supplementary means of diagnosis and treatment of cancer, and enhanced existing strategies so that the treatment could be more rationally applied and personalized for cancer patients.
Objective To study the effect of genistein (Gen) in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on human gastric carcinoma cells in vitro. Methods Human gastric carcinoma cell line SGC-7901 was t reated with Gen and 5-FU alone or in combination for 24 , 48 and 72 hours , respectively. MTT assay was used to investigate the inhibitory effect of Gen and 5-FU on SGC-7901 cells. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultramicrost ructure changes of cancer cells and the flow cytometry was used to detect the distribution of cell cycle. Results Gen and 5-FU alone or in combination inhibited the proliferation of SGC-7901 cells significantly in both time-dependent and dose-dependent manner. The combination of Gen with 5-FU had synergistic effect on the growth of SGC-7901 cell line when the inhibition ratio was 20 % to 80 %. When SGC-7901 cells exposed to 18. 8μmol/ L Gen , 8. 84μmol/ L 52FU , and 3. 06μmol/ L Gen combined with 7. 96μmol/ L 5-FU for 72 hours , 62. 97 % , 63. 76 % and 67. 46 % SGC-7901 cells were arrested in G2 / M , S and G0 / G1 phrase , respectively. Gen and 5-FU could both induce apoptosis and arrest cell cycle of SGC-7901 cells. Conclusion Combination therapy of Gen with 5-FU may take synergistic inhibitory effect on the proliferation of gastric cancer cells by resting cell cycle and inducing cell apoptosis at a certain range of concent ration.
Objective To investigate the choleenterostomy type and the longterm results in treatment of benign diseases of biliary tract. MethodsA total of 614 cases of choleenterostomy from January 1981 to December 2000 were followed up and analysed. The original diseases: 321 were original hepatolithiasis and/or bileduct stricture (52.3%)， 106 congenital cyst of common bile duct (17.3%), 151 iatrogenic bile duct injury (24.6%) and others 36 cases (5.9%). Choledochoduodenostomy was performed in 89 cases and choledochojejunostomy in 525 cases. Five hundred and twentyfour cases have been followed up for 1 to 20 years. The rate of followup was 87.9%. ResultsIn 84.5% of the cases, excellent or good longterm results were achieved. Reoperation rate were 49.4% in cases of choledochoduodenostomy or cystoduodenostomy, 14.2% in sideside (cyst) cholangiojejunostomy and 4.4% in endside cholangiojejunostomy, respectively. Conclusion The choledochoduodenostomy should be abolished. The endside cholangiojejunostomy shoud be the best choice when it is needed to perform choledochojejunostomy in benign bile duct diseases and can promise a satisfactory longterm result.
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of whole lung lavage in the treatment of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis ( PAP) .Methods Twelve patients who were diagnosed as PAP from September 2008 to October 2011 in Hunan Occupational Disease Hospital were recruited in the study. The changes of dyspnea symptom, lung-function, arterial blood gas, and chest image were compared before and after whole lung lavage treatment. Meanwhile, the safety of lung lavage was evaluated. Results All patients were relieved from dyspnea. The lung function, hypoxia, hyperventilation, and chest image were all obviously improved. The vital signs in the process of lung lavage were stable without serious complications. Conclusion Whole lung lavage is an effective and safe treatment for PAP.