Objective To assess the improvement of different resistance training regimens on blood lipid metabolism and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods PubMed, ProQuest, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and VIP databases were searched to collect randomized controlled trials of resistance training intervention to improve blood lipids and insulin resistance in patients with T2DM. The search time range was from the establishment of the databases to May 2023. Two reviewers assessed the risk of bias of the included studies using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale, and performed a network meta-analysis of the extracted data using Stata 16.0 software. Results In the end, 24 articles were included, and a total of 983 participants were enrolled. The result of network meta-analysis showed that high-frequency and moderate-intensity resistance exercise significantly improved the levels of insulin resistance [standardized mean difference=−1.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) (−2.75, −0.67)], triglycerides [weighted mean difference (WMD)=−0.27 mmol/L, 95%CI (−0.51, −0.04) mmol/L], and total cholesterol [WMD=−0.16 mmol/L, 95%CI (−0.20, −0.12) mmol/L], but had no significant effect on improving the level of high-density lipoprotein [WMD=0.05 mmol/L, 95%CI (−0.02, 0.11) mmol/L] or low-density lipoprotein [WMD=−0.20 mmol/L, 95%CI (−0.42, 0.03) mmol/L]. The results of cumulative probability ranking showed that high-frequency and moderate-intensity resistance exercise was the best in improving insulin resistance, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein levels. Conclusion Based on current evidence, high-frequency and moderate-intensity resistance exercise may be the best resistance exercise regimen to improve insulin resistance and lipid metabolism in patients with T2DM.
Objective To investigate the post-discharge exercise behavior and factors influencing moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) in patients undergoing lung surgery. Methods A survey was conducted using the Investigation of Exercise Behavior after Lung Surgery questionnaire and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) among patients who underwent lung surgery. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing patients’ engagement in MVPA. Results A total of 702 patients were surveyed, including 252 males and 450 females, with an average age of 52.4±10.2 years. Patients with lung cancer accounted for 85.9%. Only 36.0% of the patients had regular exercise habits, while 42.3% did not engage in any physical activity. The three main barriers were physical discomfort (pain, coughing, shortness of breath, etc, 54.7%), lack of professional guidance (41.7%), and concerns about the surgical wound (28.9%). The proportions of patients engaging in vigorous, moderate, and low-intensity physical activity were 5.7%, 28.2%, and 66.1%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that patients with a personal annual income ≥50000 yuan (OR=1.52, 95%CI 1.01-2.29, P=0.044), high school education or above (OR=1.92, 95%CI 1.33-2.76, P<0.001), and lobectomy (OR=1.44, 95%CI 1.02-2.03, P=0.037) engaged in more MVPA. Conclusion Patients undergoing lung surgery have inadequate physical activity after discharge, particularly lacking in MVPA. Patients with higher income, higher educational levels, and lobectomy are more frequently engaged in MVPA. Measures such as symptom control, providing exercise guidance, and enhancing education on wound care may potentially improve the inadequate physical activity in lung surgery patients after discharge.