ObjectiveTo Summarize the clinical features of retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma.MethodsA total of 18 cases of pathologically confirmed retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma, who received surgery in The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from May 2013 to July 2016, were collected to reviewe the clinical features, imaging findings, pathologic characteristics, treatments, and prognosis of retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma.Results① Clinical symptoms. Of the 18 cases, 8 cases were found by physical examination, and had no symptoms; 6 cases showed abdominal pain and discomfort; 3 cases had hypertension; 1 case had bulge and discomfort in the lower abdomen. ② Imaging performance. All of the 18 cases underwent color Doppler ultrasonography, 16 cases showed clear hypoechoic mass, and hypoechoic masses showed irregular shape in 2 cases; homogeneous echo in 12 cases and inhomogeneous echo in 6 cases could be seen. Seventeen cases underwent CT scan, and homogeneous low density in 14 cases, uneven density in 3 cases, scattered calcification in 3 cases could be seen. Fifteen cases underwent CT dynamic contrast-enhanced scan, 2 cases showed no significant enhancement both in dynamic and venous phase, 8 cases showed no significant enhancement in arterial phase, 11 cases showed heterogeneous enhancement in venous phase. Three cases underwent MRI scan, T1WI images of 3 cases showed uniform low signal; T2WI images showed high signal in 1 case, T2WI images showed high signal with moderate intensity in 2 cases. ③ Surgery and prognosis. Fifteen cases underwent laparoscopic retroperitoneal tumor resection,3 cases underwent open surgery, and all the tumors were completely resected. All cases had good postoperative recovery and no significant complication occurred. All cases were followed up for 6 to 32 months with a median of 20 months, no recurrence or distant metastasis was found during follow-up period.ConclusionsRetroperitoneal ganglioneuroma has nonspecific clinical manifestation. Imaging examinations are the most effective adjuvant ways preoperatively, but patholoy is still the gold standard of final diagnosis for ganglioneuroma. Radical tumor resection is the most effective therapy with satisfactory prognosis for ganglioneuroma.