ObjectiveTo observe the protective effect of tanshinone Ⅱ A on the mouse liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) model and preliminarily explore its mechanism of alleviating liver injury.MethodsThe IRI mouse model was established after the pre-treating with tanshinone Ⅱ A. Then, the serum and liver tissue of mice were collected to detect the changes of liver function, histopathology, liver cell apoptosis, and inflammatory factors. In addition, the protein expression levels of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (RAGE), and Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the liver tissues were detected by the Western blot method.ResultsAll data were analyzed by the homogeneity of variance test. The results of factorial design showed that the levels of ALT and AST in the serum, the pathological score and apoptosis index, the inflammatory response, as well as the expressions of HMGB1, TLR4 and RAGE proteins in the liver tissues were decreased significantly (P<0.05) in the sham operatation plus tanshinone Ⅱ A mice, which were increased significantly (P<0.05) in the IRI mice, which were antagonized synergistically by the tanshinone ⅡA and IRI (P<0.05).ConclusionsTanshinone ⅡA could reduce the liver IRI and inflammatory response in mouse. These effects might be related to the down-regulations of TLR4, HMGB1, and RAGE expressions.
ObjectiveTo summarize the research progress of the effects of high glucose microenvironment on the biological activity of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs).MethodsThe literature on the high glucose microenvironment and ADSCs at home and abroad in recent years was reviewed, and the effects of high glucose microenvironment on the general characteristics, differentiation potential, angiogenesis, and nerve regeneration of ADSCs were summarized.ResultsThe accumulation of advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) in the high glucose microenvironment led to changes in the biological activities of ADSCs through various pathways, including cell surface markers, proliferation, migration, multi-lineage differentiation, secretory function, and tissue repair ability. The ability of ADSCs to promote angiogenesis and nerve regeneration in high glucose microenvironment is still controversial.ConclusionHigh glucose microenvironment can affect the biological activity of ADSCs, and the effect and mechanism of ADSCs on angiogenesis and nerve regeneration in high glucose microenvironment need to be further studied.
ObjectiveTo summarize the characteristics of hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) and O-glycosylation and their roles in metabolism of hepatocellular carcinoma. MethodTo review the current literatures on the role of HBP and O-glycosylation in tumors, especially in hepatocellular carcinoma. ResultsThere was metabolic reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, and the HBP was a branch of glycolysis pathway, which played an important role in tumorigenesis, development, and metastasis. HBP provided uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) for O-glycosylation, UDP-GlcNAc was a substrate for OGT, participating in O-glycosylation. O-glycosylation was a type of posttranslational modification that regulates the biological behavior of tumor cells by glycosylation of target proteins in tumor cells. ConclusionHBP and O-glycosylation can be used as intervention targets in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, which provides a potential method for scientific prevention and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.