Objective To analyze the application value of swallowing function therapeutic instrument in dysphagia after stroke. Methods Stroke patients with dysphagia treated in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital between July 2018 and April 2020 were selected. The patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The control group was treated with comprehensive rehabilitation treatment, and the experimental group was treated with comprehensive rehabilitation treatment and swallowing function therapeutic instrument. The improvement of dysphagia and the changes of clinical indexes were observed in the two groups. Results A total of 100 patients were included, with 50 patients in each group. Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups in Standardized Swallowing Assessment (SSA), video fluoroscopy swallowing study (VFSS), ultrasonic exercise amplitude and duration (P>0.05). After 4 weeks of intervention, the SSA score, VFSS score, ultrasonic exercise amplitude and duration of the two groups were improved compared with those before intervention (P<0.05), and the experimental group was better than the control group (P<0.05). The improvement of dysphagia between the two groups was statistically significant (Z=−2.452, P=0.014). The total effective rate of dysphagia improvement in the experimental group (92.00%) was higher than that in the control group (82.00%), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (χ2=2.210, P=0.137). Conclusion The application of swallowing function therapeutic instrument in the adjuvant treatment of dysphagia after stroke is helpful to improve the clinical symptoms of patients and obtain ideal therapeutic effect, which is worth popularizing.