【摘要】 目的 观察运用涎腺镜对慢性下颌下腺炎诊断和治疗的临床效果。 方法 应用涎腺镜观察32例慢性下颌下腺炎患者导管,根据不同病因给予相应治疗。分别于手术前当天,手术后2、7 d,4周,6、12个月观察治疗效果。 结果 32例慢性下颌下腺炎患者中,28例存在导管结石。手术后2 d大部分患者胀痛症状明显缓解,之后1个月内呈逐渐缓慢缓解趋势,手术后6~12个月胀痛感略有回升表现。结论 运用涎腺镜治疗慢性下颌下腺炎是微创、有效的。【Abstract】 Objective To observe the clinical effect of chronic inflammation of submandibular gland treated by sialoendoscopy. Methods The conduit of 32 patients with chronic inflammtion of submandibular gland under sialoendoscopy, and to observe the curative effect after two, seven days, four weeks, six and 12 months. Results Of the all of 32 patients, 28 had stones in duck. Two days after surgery, the most patients has bursting pain palliation, and then relieved gradually; from six to 12 months after surgery, bursting pain rebounded slightly. Conclusions Use of sialoendoscopy on chronic inflammtion of submandibular gland is minimally invasive and effective treatment.
The aim of the study is to identify the effects and underlying mechanisms of visfatin on inflammation and necroptosis in vascular endothelial cells. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were stimulated with visfatin or pretreated with Polyinosinic acid (LOX-1 inhibitor). By using the Western blot, RT-PCR, immunocytochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), MTT and flow cytometry technique, the occurrence of inflammation and necroptosis in HUVECs were evaluated. Our results showed that 100 ng/mL visfatin significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) and LOX-1 after 24 hours’ treatment in HUVECs. However, pretreatment with Polyinosinic acid could significantly reduce the expression of MCP-1 compared with visfatin group. Additionally, 100 ng/mL visfatin could induce the production of necrotic features and increase the mRNA expression of BMF (one of the markers of necroptosis), while pretreating with Polyinosinic acid markedly downregulated the mRNA expression of BMF gene and promoted the cell proliferation. These results indicate that visfatin might induce inflammation and necroptosis via LOX-1 in HUVECs, suggesting that visfatin plays a central role in the development of atherosclerosis.
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is an age-dependent disease affecting older subjects. CAA is characterized by lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), lobar cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage, and cortical superficial siderosis (cSS), which is the main causes of spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage in the elderly. If a patient had experienced dementia, psychiatric symptoms, recurrent or multiple lobar hemorrhage, the possibility of CAA should be considered. Epilepsy can be associated with CAA. Literature studies had found that CAA-related inflammation are predisposing factors for the development of epilepsy. It is a unique subtype of CAA, which is a form of inflammation and a rare clinical manifestation of sporadic CAA. CAA-ri is a special type of central nervous system vasculitis. Once CAA patients had exhibited atypical clinical manifestations, such as headache, epilepsy, behavioral changes, focal neurological signs, consciousness impairment combined with asymmetric T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging high signal lesions, clinicians had to consider it maybe CAA-ri. Although CAA- ri is rare, timely diagnosis is important because once seizure had occured, which may indicated the inflammation in CAA patients may had reached a very serious level. Therefore, timely identification and treatment are particularly important. Literature shows that most patients responded well to immunosuppressants. Because of its uncommon, researches on epilepsy in CAA mainly focused on case reports currently, and there were many controversies about its pathological mechanism, treatment and prognosis. This article mainly reviews the incidence rate , pathological mechanism, treatment and prognosis of epilepsy in CAA.
Objective To investigate the effects and mechanisms of lactic acid bacteria on MAPK signaling in immune response of dust mite sensitized mice. Methods Forty C57BL/6 mice in Group M, P and L, were sensitized and challenged with mite extract while then the animals in Group N were treated with saline as control. The mice in Group L and P were fed with Lactococcus lactis or Lactobacillus respectively.Three days after the last challenge, all mice were sacrificed for lung pathological examination. IL-10 level in culture supernatant of splenocytes stimulated with mite extract was detected by ELISA. The expression of IL-4/ IFN-γon CD3 +CD4 + cells was detected by flow cytometry. Western blot were performed for detection of MAPK signaling ( P38, ERK, and JNK) from mice’s spleen cells stimulated with mite extract. Results The mice fed with Lactococcus lactis ( Group L) had lower rate of eosinophilic airway inflammation and higher level of IL-10 in the culture supernatant of splenocytes than Group P. Meanwhile, the number of CD4 + T cell with IL-4 expression was decreased revealed by the analysis of flow cytometry. P38 signaling inspleen cells was activated in the mice of Group M, similarly in the mice of Group P, but not of Group L.Conclusion Oral treatment of Lactococcus lactis can induce an immune tolerance in response to mite by up-regulating the level of Tr cells secreting IL-10, thus inhibiting activation of P38 signaling.
Lactate was originally thought to be a metabolic waste product of glycolysis produced by cells in hypoxic environment. In recent years, increasing evidence has indicated that lactate plays a crucial role in the physiological and pathological processes of the retina. Lactate is transported via monocarboxylate transporters in different retinal cell types such as photoreceptor cells and Müller cells to maintain the high metabolic demand of the retina. In addition to serving as oxiditive substrate for energy, lactate can mediate intracellular signal transduction through receptor G protein-coupled receptor 81, participating in the maintenance of retinal homeostasis and the progression of pathological neovascularization. Moreover, lactate-mediated protein lactylation directly regulates gene expression in microglia and T lymphocytes, which has gradually become a new hotspot in the field of retinal pathological neovascularization and neuroinflammation. Therefore, the regulation of lactate metabolism may provide novel perspectives for the treatment of retinal lactic acid metabolism disorders such as age-related macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa.
Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of rehabilitation therapy combined with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) of orthopedic insoles on deputy scaphoid inflammation. Methods We selected the patients with deputy scaphoid inflammation who had treated in Sichuan Province Orthopedic Hospital between July 2018 and February 2020. The patients were randomly divided into control group and experimental group by drawing lots. The control group received rehabilitation therapy, while the experimental group received rehabilitation therapy combined with CAD/CAM orthopedic insoles. The clinical efficacy was tested at the 5th and 12th weeks after treatment, and the foot pain was assessed by Visual Analogue Scoring (VAS), and the foot function was assessed by the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Association (AOFAS) scale. Results A total of 78 patients were included, and 3 patients dropped out. There was no significant difference in sex, age, weight or course of disease between the two groups (P>0.05). Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in VAS score (t=0.329, P=0.743) or AOFAS score (t=0.431, P=0.668) between the two groups. At the 5th and 12th weeks after treatment, the VAS score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group (t=4.517, 5.299; P<0.001), and the AOFAS score was higher than that of the control group (t=6.239, 5.779; P<0.001). Over time, the VAS score of the two groups decreased (P<0.05), while the AOFAS score increased (P<0.05). Conclusion Rehabilitation therapy combined with CAD/CAM of orthopedic insoles have better curative effect than traditional rehabilitation therapy for deputy scaphoid inflammation.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility of clipless laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) to patients with calculous cholecystitis in acute inflammation stage. Methods The clinical data of 169 patients with calculous cholecystitis in acute inflammation stage who underwent clipless LC from December 2008 to July 2010 were analyzed. ResultsAll patients were successfully operated by LC except one case who suffered from gallbladder perforation and a conversion to open surgery was performed. The operation time ranged from 25-70 min (mean 38 min). The blood loss ranged from 10-200 ml (mean 22 ml). Peritoneal drainage was done in 38 patients, and the drainage time ranged from 1-6 d (mean 1.8 d). The time to out-of-bed activity was at 2 h after operation and the hospitalization time was 3-7 d (mean 3.5 d). There was no complication such as bile duct injury, hemorrhage, billiary leakage, and intra-abdominal infection. ConclusionWith improvement of operator’s experiences and skills, the clipless LC becomes feasible and safe for patients with calculous cholecystitis in acute inflammation stage.
Objective To explore the effects of dioscin (Dio) on airway inflammation and microRNA-155 (miR-155)/cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2)/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) pathways in asthmatic mice. Methods Seventy mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, inhibitor negative control group (inhibitor-NC group), miR-155 inhibitor group, and Dio group, Dio+miR-155 mimic negative control group (Dio+mimic-NC group), Dio+miR-155 mimic group, with 10 mice in each group. Using house dust mite to induce the preparation of asthma mouse models; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of PGE2, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), cysteyl leukotrienes (CysLTs), cysteyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLTR1) and interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13 in mouse bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF); hematoxylin-eosin and periodic acid-Schiff staining were used to observe the infiltration of inflammatory cells around the airway and the secretion of mucus by goblet cells; quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the expression levels of miR-155 and COX-2 mRNA in mouse lung tissue; Western blot was used detect the expression of COX-2 protein in mouse lung tissue. Results MiR-155 inhibitor and Dio could reduce the levels of PGE2, TNF-α, CysLTs, CysLTR1 and IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 in BALF of asthmatic mice, reduce lung tissue inflammatory cell infiltration and goblet cell mucus secretion, and reduce lung tissue miR-155, COX-2 mRNA and protein expression; and miR-155 mimic could significantly weaken the anti-asthma effect of Dio. Conclusion The anti-asthma effect of Dio may be related to the inhibition of miR-155/COX-2/PGE2 pathway to reduce airway inflammation in asthmatic mice.
Lung cancer ranks among the most prevalent and lethal malignancies globally. Its prognostic outcomes are not only contingent upon tumor characteristics and therapeutic interventions but also intricately linked to the nutritional and immune profiles of patients. This article conducts a thorough review of both domestic and international research, providing a comprehensive synthesis of the prognostic value of widely investigated nutritional and immune indicators in the context of lung cancer. The primary objective is to identify optimal prognostic markers in clinical practice, offering guidance for precise post-treatment assessment and early intervention for lung cancer patients.
Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 may have systemic symptoms of varying degrees. These symptoms are related to inflammatory response, massive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cytokine storm. In recent years, programmed necrosis, as a controllable type of necrosis, is considered to be an important factor that mediates inflammation. Recent studies have shown that programmed necrosis is involved in the inflammatory response and pulmonary fibrosis of coronavirus disease 2019. This article mainly reviews the mechanism of programmed necrosis, its participation in the occurrence and development of coronavirus disease 2019, and the research progress of programmed necrosis inhibitors in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019, aiming to provide a certain basis for the diagnosis and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019.