Objective To measure the macular pigment optical density (MPOD) and investigate the effects of lutein supplementation on MPOD in patients with early age-related macular degeneration (AMD).Methods Forty-two early AMD eyes, which have been diagnosed by visual acuity, fundus photography and indirect ophthalmoscopy, and 42 fellow eyes were enrolled in this study. Lutein was administered in dose of 15.1 mg daily for one month. The MPOD value before and after lutein supplementation were measured by heterochromatic flicker photometry. The relationship between the MPOD value and lutein supplementation was analyzed.Results The MPOD value of AMD eyes and fellow eyes before lutein supplementation was 0.347plusmn;0.182 and 0.426plusmn;0.173 respectively, the difference was statistically significant (t=-2.042,P=0.044). The MPOD value of AMD eyes and fellow eyes after lutein supplementation was 0.406plusmn;0.155 and 0.446plusmn;0.128 respectively, the difference was not statistically significant (t=-1.283,P=0.203). For AMD eyes, there was an increasing trend of MPOD values after lutein supplementation, but no statistically significant differences (t=-1.594,P=0.115). Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between the changes of MPOD and initial MPOD in both AMD eyes (r=-0.552,P=0.000) and the fellow eyes (r=-0.731,P=0.000).Conclusions Early AMD eyes have less MPOD. Lutein supplementation may play a role in enhancing the MPOD in these eyes.
Objective To observe the distribution of macular thickness and its relationship with axial length, gender, refraction status and race in six-year-old children. Methods 1543 six-year-old children from 34 schools in Sydney were randomly selected. The thickness of center macula（CM）, inner macula（IM）and outer macula（OM）were measured by optical coherence tomography（OCT）, the differences of macular thickness between different genders and races were comparatively analyzed. The axial length and refraction status of all children were measured by IOL Master and autorefractor RK-F1 respectively. Results The CM, IM and OM thickness of all those six-year-old children were normally distributed，on average they were 193.6, 264.3 and 236.9 mu;m respectively,the differences were statistically significant（t=0.40,0.08,0.20;P＜0.05）. The CM,IM and OM average thickness was 194.2,264.9,229.0 mu;m for boys and 189.3,262.5,231.5 mu;m for girls respectively. CM and IM thickness of boys were thicker than those in girls（t=0.15,0.11;P＜0.05）. The CM,IM and OM average thickness was 196.0,265.2,237.5 mu;m for White kids,186.0,262.3,236.5 mu;m for East Asia kids and 19.4,263.7,233.8 mu;m for Central East kids respectively. The CM and IM thickness of White and Central East children were significantly thicker than East Asia children (t=0.12,0.15;Plt;0.05）. There was no difference between these three races in OM thickness（t=0.16,P=0.6）. The IM and OM were thinner with longer axial length (Plt;0.05). The CM,IM and OM thickness was thicker with higher hyperopic degrees (Plt;0.05). Conclusions Macular thickness was normally distributed in six-year-old children and was significantly affected by gender, race, axial length and refraction status.
ObjectiveTo observe the positional relationship between the central fixation point of the retina and the fovea in normal adults.MethodsA retrospective clinical study. From August 2019 to January 2020, 100 eyes of 100 normal adults who underwent physical examination at the Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang were included in the study. All patients underwent BCVA, diopter, microfield, OCT examination, and axial length (AL) measurement. There were 42 males and 58 females with the average age was 46.4±14.7 years. The average diopter was －1.02±1.99 D, the average AL was 23.22±0.47 mm, the average foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area was 0.38±0.13 mm2. The MP-3 microperimetry was used for central fixation examination. After the examination, high-definition fundus images were automatically taken and the central fixation point of the retina were automatically calculated by the equipment. The Nidek Overlay functional multi-mode imaging platform was used to superimpose the images containing the central fixation point of the retina and the macular fovea, the positional relationship between the two was observed, and the distance between the two was measured. Pearson correlation analysis was performed on the distance between the fixation point of the center of the retina and the center of the fovea, age, diopter, and FAZ area of the macula.ResultsThe fixation point of the retinal center of all tested eyes was within the range of the macular fovea, which did not coincide with the center of the macular fovea. Among 100 eyes, the fixation point of the center of the retina were 53, 23, 15, and 9 eyes at the nose, lower, temporal, and upper sides, respectively. The average distance between the fixation point of the center of the retina and the center of the fovea was 158.31±71.56 μm. The distance between the fixation point of the retinal center and the center of the macular fovea and age (r=0.140), diopter (r=－0.009), FAZ area ( r=0.038) were not correlated (P=0.165, 0.932, 0.707) in correlation analysis.ConclusionThe central fixation point of normal adult retina is more common on the fovea nasal side.