Focusing on the poor mechanical strength of porous bioceramics bone scaffold, and taking into account of the good mechanical properties of biodegradable magnesium alloy, we proposed a novel method to fabricate magnesium alloy/bioceramics composite bone scaffold with stereolithography double channels. Firstly, a scaffold structure without mutually connected double channels was designed. Then, an optimized bioceramics scaffold was fabricated according to stereolithography and gel-casing. Molten AZ31 magnesium alloy was perfused into the secondary channel of scaffold by low-pressure casting, and magnesium alloy/bioceramics composite bone scaffold was obtained when magnesium alloy was solidified. The compression test showed that the strength of bioceramics scaffold with only one channel and without magnesium alloy was (9.76±0.64) MPa, while the strength of magnesium alloy/bioceramics composite scaffold with double channels was (17.25±0.88) MPa. It can be concluded that the magnesium alloy/bioceramics composite is obviously able to improve the scaffold strength.
An oxide ceramic coating can be formed on the surface of magnesium alloy by micro-arc oxidation so that the corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy can be enhanced. In this paper, a general overview of the surface treatment of micro-arc oxidation on the surface of magnesium alloy is presented, the related research on the treatment of several kinds of magnesium alloys is introduced in detail, and a brief introduction of biological activity of magnesium alloy due to micro-arc oxidation is given. Finally, the technical advantages and existing problems are summarized.
Objective To review the research progress of magnesium and magnesium alloy implants in the repair and reconstruction of sports injury. Methods Relevant literature of magnesium and magnesium alloys for sports injury repair and reconstruction was extensively reviewed. The characteristics of magnesium and its alloys and their applications in the repair and reconstruction of sports injuries across various anatomical sites were thoroughly discussed and summarized. Results Magnesium and magnesium alloys have advantages in mechanical properties, biosafety, and promoting tendon-bone interface healing. Many preclinical studies on magnesium and magnesium alloy implants for repairing and reconstructing sports injuries have yielded promising results. However, successful clinical translation still requires addressing issues related to mechanical strength and degradation behavior, where alloying and surface treatments offer feasible solutions. Conclusion The clinical translation of magnesium and magnesium alloy implants for repairing and reconstructing sports injuries holds promise. Subsequent efforts should focus on optimizing the mechanical strength and degradation behavior of magnesium and magnesium alloy implants. Conducting larger-scale biocompatibility testing and developing novel magnesium-containing implants represent new directions for future research.