Objective To observe the eotaxin expression of rat airway smooth muscle cells ( ASMCs) induced by serum from asthmatic rats, and explore the possible mechanism. Methods ASMCs isolated fromrat tracheas were cultured in vivo. Then they were treated with serum from asthmatic rats, or treated with serum and dexamethasone simultaneously. The level of eotaxin protein in supernatant and eotaxin mRNA in ASMCs were measured by ELISA and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The expression of cAMP in ASMCs was examined by radioimmunoassay. Results After the treatment with sensitized serum, the eotaxin level in supernatant and mRNA expression in ASMCs were significantly higher [ ( 107. 09 ±7. 12) ng/L vs. ( 0. 63 ±0. 56) ng/L, P lt; 0. 05; 1. 39 ±0. 04 vs. 0. 05 ±0. 01, P lt;0. 05] , and the level of cAMP in ASMCs was significantly lower compared with the control group [ ( 17. 58 ±3. 62) ng/L vs. ( 32. 39 ±3. 36) ng/L, P lt; 0. 05] . After intervened by the sensitized serum and dexamethasone simultaneously, the protein and mRNA expressions of eotaxin were lower compared with those intervened by sensitized serumalone [ ( 64. 18 ±4. 04) ng/L and 0. 77 ±0. 19] . The level of eotaxin in supernatant was negatively correlated with cAMP level in ASMCs ( r = - 0. 788, P lt; 0. 01) . Conclusions There is anautocrine function in ASMCs as inflammatory cells after stimulation with sensitized serum. Eotaxin may play an important roll in the pathogenesis of asthma via a cAMP-dependent pathway.
hirty-eight cases of severed levatorpalpebrae superoris muscle caused by traumawere reported- The methods how to find thesevered ends of the levator palpebrae superorismuscles and how to do the operation weresuggested. Of the 38 cases after operation, 28(73. 68 %) cases obtained symmetrical lidfissures of both eyes, 7 (18. 42%) cases had alid fissure of 1mm wider than the normal one , 3(9. 68%) cascs had 2mm a lid fissure 2mmwider. and none of them had a lid fissure 2mmwider in compariso...
A new method of transfer of the nasolabial skin flap, the myocutaneous flap with pediculated guadratus labii superioris muscle was introduced. It was applied in 9 cases mid-face defects with satisfactory results. The applied anatomy and the its operative technique were briefly discussed.
The dorsal dislocation inferior radio-ulnar joint was treated by the shortening operation of the pronator quadratus muscle by moving the muscle origin to its dorsum, so that the pronator quadratus muscle was always under tension whether the muscle was contracted or relaxed. Thus the anatomic position and stress distribution were improved. We had treated 11 patients in the past four years.The patients were followed from four months to four and half years and the results were 9 patients excellent and 2 good.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biological characteristics of human muscle satellite cell cultured in vitro. METHODS: Human muscle satellite cells were obtained from skeletal muscle biopsies of six patients during corrective orthopedic surgery, cultivated in growth medium for ten days, then in differentiation medium for additional five days. Human satellite cells were identified with monoclonal antibody against desmin. Cells were observed under phase contrast microscopy. RESULTS: Human muscle satellite cells proliferated in growth medium, and fused to form myotubes in differentiation medium. After 24 hours in differentiation medium, the confluent satellite cells began to fuse actively and achieved the top level at 72 hours. CONCLUSION: Human muscle satellite cell can proliferate and differentiate in appropriate culture condition. Immunocytochemical detection of desmin is the effective early method to determine satellite cell.
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of musculocutaneous flap containing the upper part of bilateral trapezius muscles in the treatment of cicatricial contracture deformity of neck. METHODS From January 1990 to January 1997, twelve cases were treated by musculocutaneous flap containing upper part of bilateral trapezius muscles from 14 cm x 16 cm to 28 cm x 11 cm in size, and 9 of the 12 cases were followed up for 2-3 years. RESULTS Primary healing of the wounds was observed in all of the cases. The function and the external appearance were satisfactory, and no graft contracture was found in the 9 cases followed up. CONCLUSION The musculocutaneous flap grafting was an ideal method in the repair of soft tissue defect of neck, with the advantage of invariable blood supply and simple operative procedure.
Objective To investigate the operative effects of gluteal muscle contracture. Methods A total of 128 cases of gluteal muscle contracture treated with operative methods from February 2001 to May 2009 were reviewed. Results All the patients received operation. Most patients were satisfied with the treatment via function exercise in the early stage. No severe complication was found. The patients were followed up for 6 to 84 months, at the average of 36 months. According to Huang Yaotians criteria, 67.9% (87/128) of the patients were excellent; 27.3% (35/128) were good; 3.9% (5/128) were fair; and 0.8% (1/128) were poor in effectiveness. Conclusion Operation and function exercise after operation have advantages of minitrauma and good function recovery, and it is a satisfactory method to treat the gluteal muscle contracture.
ObjectiveTo review the effects and mechanisms of various myokines secreted by skeletal muscle on various bone tissue cells.MethodsLiterature related to myokines and their regulation of bone tissue cells was reviewed and analyzed comprehensively in recent years.ResultsBone and skeletal muscle are important members of the motor system, and they are closely related in anatomy, genetics, and physiopathology. In recent years, it has been found that skeletal muscle can secrete a variety of myokines to regulate bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and bone cells; these factors mutual crosstalk between myoskeletal unit, contact each other and influence each other, forming a complex myoskeletal micro-environment, and to some extent, it has a positive impact on bone repair and reconstruction.ConclusionMyokines are potential targets for the dynamic balance of bone tissue cells. In-depth study of its mechanism is helpful to the prevention and treatment of myoskeletal diseases.
Objective To provide an ideal seed cell for tissue engineered urinary bladder and urethra by serially culturing canine smooth muscle cells from urinary bladder in vitro and compare biological characteristics of different passagesof cells. Methods Bladder smooth muscle cells of 12-month-old male dogs weighing 10-12 kg were isolated from adult dogs’ urinary bladders by collagenase and trypsin digestion and serially cultured in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% serum of newborn bovines. Morphology and prol iferation of the cells were observed and the serially-cultured cells were identified with the transmission electron microscope and immunohistochemistry. Results The cells appeared spindle in parallel rows when they grew to the degree of subconfluence, and showed the “peak-valley” structure under the inverted phase contrast microscope. The cells could be prol iferated serially to the 12th passage in vitro. The growth curve showed the cells before the 7th passage had the similar prol iferation characteristics and the growth cycle was about 40 hours. The TEM showed myofilament and the dense body in cytoplasm of smooth muscle cells. Smooth muscle actin was positive by immunohistochemical staining. After the 7th passage, the cells’ growth became slow, and myofilament and the dense body in cytoplasm vanished. Conclusion The canine smooth muscle cells from urinary bladder can be serially cultured in vitro and highly purified and largely prol iferated by the appropriate method. The cells before the 7th passage can be used as optimal seed cells for tissue engineered urinary bladder and urethra.
OBJECTIVE: To explore a better surgical mode to treat gluteal muscle contracture. METHODS: In 98 cases, superior cross incision of large tuberosity was performed in 20 cases, posterosuperior curve incision of large tuberosity was performed in 20 cases, and exteroinferior cross incision of iliac spine in the other 58 cases. The patients were observed after operation and followed up. RESULTS: The patients who received exteroinferior cross incision of iliac spine recovered soon without bleeding and infection after operation, which indicated the lowest incidental rate of postoperative complication. CONCLUSION: Exteroinferior cross incision of iliac spine is a safe and effective surgical operation to loosen the gluteal muscle contracture.