ObjectiveTo evaluate the predictive value of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) combined with multislice computed tomography (MSCT) in the evaluation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for breast cancer. MethodsThe clinical, imaging, and pathological data of breast cancer patients who received NACT in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from February 2019 to August 2021 were retrospectively collected. Based on the results of postoperative pathological examination, the patients were assigned into significant remission (Miller-Payne grade Ⅰ–Ⅲ) and non-significant remission (Miller-Payne grade Ⅳ–Ⅴ). The variables with statistical significance by univariate analysis or factors with clinical significance judged based on professional knowledge were included to conduct the logistic regression multivariate analysis to screen the risk factors affecting the degree of pathological remission after NACT. Then, the screened risk factors were used to establish a prediction model for the degree of pathological remission of breast cancer after NACT, and the efficacy of this model was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) curve. ResultsAccording to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 211 breast cancer patients who received NACT were collected, including 116 patients with significant remission and 95 patients with non-significant remission. Logistic regression multivariate analysis results showed that the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive, lower early enhancement rate after NACT, lower arterial stage net increment after NACT, and lower CT value of arterial phase of lesions would increase the probability of significant remission in patients with breast cancer after NACT (P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve of the model for predicting the degree of pathological remission of breast cancer after NACT was 0.984, the specificity was 93.7%, and the sensitivity was 95.7%. The calibration curve showed that the model result fit well with the actual result, and the DCA result showed that it had a high clinical net benefit value. ConclusionFrom the results of this study, DCE-MRI combined with MSCT enhanced scanning has a good predictive value for pathological remission degree after NACT for breast cancer, which can provide clinical guidance for further treatment.