ObjectiveTo describe the research status of programmed death receptor protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand(PD-L1) inhibitors in advanced gastric cancer and to understand the key issues of PD/PD-L1 inhibitors in order to provide atheoretical basis for future research.MethodThe classical and up to date literatures on the immunotherapy, especially thePD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the advanced gastric cancer were reviewed.ResultsThe PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors were the hot spot in the current research of tumor immunotherapy. The pembrolizumab and nivolumab were the commonly immunosuppressive agents in the current clinical research, which had also achieved the great success in the clinical research of gastriccancer since it was shown the good results in the malignant melanoma and hematological malignancies. In some clinical studies, the PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors treatment showed the longer overall survival than the conventional chemotherapy, especially in the patient with positive PD-1. However the study still had some issues to be solved, such as no accurate prediction for the beneficiary population, the tumor hyperprogression and so on. It was gratifying that the current research on the basic research of tumor immunity was increasing, then it provided a theoretical support for solving these problems.ConclusionsTumor immunosuppressive therapy such as PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors brings a new idea in treatment of patients with advanced gastric cancer. Although there are still many problems need to be solved in clinical research, it is believed that PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors will become one of key players in treatment of patients with advanced gastric cancer in the further study.
ObjectiveTo explore the short-term efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab combined with chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. MethodsThe clinical data of 11 male patients with non-small cell lung cancer who underwent pembrolizumab combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from December 2019 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The average age of the patients was 52.0-79.0 (62.0±6.9) years. The imaging data and pathological changes before and after neoadjuvant treatment were compared, and adverse reactions during neoadjuvant treatment were recorded. Objective remission rate (ORR) and main pathological remission rate (MPR) and pathological complete remission rate (pCR) were the main observation endpoints. ResultsAfter preoperative neoadjuvant therapy with pembrolizumab combined with platinum or paclitaxel, all patients successfully underwent thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer. The ORR was 72.7%, and the MPR was 81.8%. Among them, 45.5% of patients achieved pCR. The main adverse reactions were hypoalbuminemia, decreased appetite and nausea. The mortality rate within 30 days after surgery was 0, and no tumor metastasis was observed. ConclusionPembrolizumab combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy is safe and feasible to treat non-small cell lung cancer, and the short-term efficacy is beneficial.