Objective To investigate pre-hypertension in aspects of its incidence, accompanied cardiovascular risk factors, and difference between urban and rural areas in Chengdu. Methods By cluster random sampling method, a total of 2 011 patients aged 35-70 years from urban and rural communities in Chengdu were selected as respondents. The investigation was conducted through questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory tests, so as to find out the main cardiovascular risk factors of pre-hypertension. All data were dual input into computer by a specially-assigned person. SPSS 13.0 software was used for analysis, Chi-square test was adopted for categorical data, and Plt;0.05 was taken as an index for significant difference. Results a) The incidence rate of pre-hypertensive in Chengdu was 33.6%, and it was 45.67% and 46.31% in urban and rural areas, respectively. In rural area, more male (51.04%) were affected than female (42.83%). b) The smoking population with pre-hypertension were mainly the male, and the ratio of rural male was 60% (132/220), far higher than that of urban male which was 32.6% (59/181). c) The pre-hypertensive population accompanied with diabetes was higher in urban (27.97%) than rural (14.01%). d) The pre-hypertensive population accompanied with hypercholesterolemia or low HDL was 33.04% (150/454) in urban, as twice as that in rural which was 16.41% (76/471). e) The pre-hypertensive population accompanied with abdominal obesity was far higher in urban (28.41%) than rural (12.74%). Conclusion Smoking is the risk factor which needs to be primarily intervened for male hypertensive patients in rural area. Impaired glucose tolerance is the common risk factor for both urban and rural residents, and hyperlipidemia is the most primarily risk factor for urban pre-hypertensive patients, followed by diabetes, and abdominal obesity.
Objective To investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia and the current status as well as differences of cardiovascular risk factors in hyperuricemia patients between urban and rural areas in Chengdu. Methods We randomly sampled 2 032 patients aged from 35 to 70 years age in urban and rural communities, using a questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory tests. Results a) The prevalence of hyperuricemia was 17.77%, which was higher in urban residents (21.38%) than that in rural residents (14.16%). b) The prevalence of hyperuricemia associated with hypercholesterolemia was higher in urban residents (34.10%) than that in rural residents (13.98%); urban women (39.06%) were higher than rural women (16.13%) and urban men (26.97%) were higher than rural men (12.20%). c) The prevalence of hyperuricemia associated with hypertension which was higher in urban residents (58.06%) than that in rural residents (32.64%); urban women (59.38%) were higher than rural women (35.48%) and urban men (56.18%) were higher than rural men (30.49%). d) The prevalence of hyperuricemia associated with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in urban women (28.91%) were lower than that in rural women (45.16%). Conclusion Hypercholesterolemia and hypertension are the most commonly seen cardiovascular risk factors accompanied in patients with hyperuricemia in urban areas, which has obviously higher prevalence than in rural areas. IGT is the most commonly seen cardiovascular risk factors accompanied in patients with hyperuricemia among rural women. But in aspects of hyperuricemia associated with impaired fasting glucose (IFG), hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density fetoprotein cholesterol, abdominal obesity and obesity, there is no difference between urban and rural areas.
Objective To explore the difference of cardiovascular risk factors and coronary artery lesion between Hui nationality and Han nationality patients with premature coronary heart disease. Methods A total of 316 patients with premature coronary heart disease were divided into two groups, including the Hui group (78 cases) and the Han group (238 cases). Eight risk factors for premature coronary heart disease (including age, gender, body mass index, familial heredity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and smoking history) and coronary artery lesion characteristics were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with the Han group, the Hui group had a higher prevalence of smoking history and myocardial infarction, but a lower prevalence of angina (Plt;0.05). Type A disease was the major type in both Hui and Han groups. Compared with the Han group, the rate of type C were higher. Single-vessel lesion was the major lesion in both Hui and Han groups. The incidence of three-vessel lesion in the Han group was significantly lower than that in the Hui group. Gensini score in the Hui group was higher than that in the Han group, with a significant difference (Plt;0.05). Conclusion Hui patients with premature coronary artery disease are more than Han patients with premature coronary artery disease in proportions of smoking, diabetes, and the lesions of the left anterior descending artery, the right coronary artery disease, three-vessel disease rate, and C-type lesions. The coronary artery disease of the Hui group is more serious.
Objective To study effects of mitral valve replacement(MVR) on the old with mitral valve diseases(MVD). Methods The documents of 265 cases undergoing MVR were reviewed, who aged 60 years old or over between June 1991 and June 2003. Demographices, clinical preoperative conditions, indications to surgery, early postoperative course and long-term outcome were collected via hospital documents and outpatient follow-up. Many risk factors were analysed. Results Follow-up rate amounted to 93.7%(236/252). The mortality was 4.9% (13/265) within 30 days. Heart failure and renal failure were the main cause of death. Compared with younger patients(lt;60 years old), long-term survival rate was lower in the old, 5-year 87.52% vs 96.84%, 10-year 81.23% vs 94.87%. There were 15 late deaths(0.17% case/M), most of whom died of heart failure, cancers and lung infections. Risk factors for MVR in the old included New York Heart Association class Ⅳ, diabetes, and lung incompetence. Conclusions The patients with MVD over 60 years old tended to present high postoperatively mortality and morbidity.
Objective To identify the high risk factors related to postpartum suicide. Methods A total of 40 women with postpartum depression who had suicidal act or ideation were included in the study. They were evaluated by the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), the Life Events Scale (LES) and the Social Support Rate Scale (SSRS), and compared with healthy postpartum women. The multi-element gradual regression analysis was performed to identify the high risk factors. Results Such factors as prior history of depression, negative life events within the previous half year, absence of social support, disease of mothers or infants, and conjugal relationship were significantly correlated with postpartum suicide. Conclusion It might be helpful to reduce the incidence of postpartum suicide by prenatal mental intervention and postpartum crisis intervention.
摘要:目的: 总结2型糖尿病患者阴茎勃起功能障碍(ED)的相关危险因素及临床治疗评价。 方法 :分析收集两家医院120例住院及门诊2型糖尿病男性患者的性功能状况、年龄、糖尿病病程、血压、糖化血红蛋白、血脂、吸烟与否等指标,以及接受真空负压吸引联合万艾可治疗的79名患者追踪3个月的疗效评分。 结果 :男性2型糖尿患者中ED的患病率为658%,多因素回归分析显示患者年龄、糖尿病病程、糖化血红蛋白与ED的发生独立相关,而血压、血脂等因素〖WTBX〗P ＞005,无显著性差异。接受真空负压吸引联合万艾可治疗的79例ED患者其有效率达到759%。 结论 :男性2型糖尿病患者中ED是常见的合并症,患病率随年龄、糖尿病病程、糖化血红蛋白的增加而增加。真空负压吸引联合万艾可治疗糖尿病合并ED疗效可靠。Abstract: Objective: Make a conclusion on related ED risk factors and clinic therapy evaluation in 120 Type 2 male diabetic mellitus. Methods : Analyze and collect 120 cases in two hospitals regarding sexual function,age,diabetes course,blood pressure,HbA1c,bolldfat, smokingcondition,etc;follow up 79 cases for 3months and evaluate therapy as a result of vacuum subpressure absorption associated with viagra (sildenafil) therapy. Results : The ED rate in Type 2 male diabetic is 658%;the multifactorial regression analysis shows that occurrence of ED is respectively related with age,diabetes course,HbA1c;there isn’t obvious discrdpancy in blood pressure,blood fat,etc(P ＞005); the effective rate of vacuum subpressure absorption associated with Viagra (sildenafil) therapy in 79 cases is759%. Conclusion : It’s common complications to get ED among the Type 2 male Diabetics and the case rate goes up with the increase of age,diabetes course, HbA1c;it’s reliable to take therapy of vacuum subpressure absorption associated with Viagra.
摘要:目的:探讨老年耐亚胺培南铜绿假单胞菌(IRPA)感染的危险因素以指导临床救治。 方法:采用病例对照研究,选取四川省人民医院干部科2006年1月~2008年12月IRPA院内感染老年患者32例,并随机选择同时期敏感铜绿假单胞菌院内感染48例作为对照,采用单因素(t检验,χ2检验)及多因素Logistic回归进行分析。结果:IRPA分离率为34.8%,IRPA对抗生素的耐药性远远高于敏感铜绿假单胞菌组,但对阿米卡星敏感率达81.3%。单因素分析发现,下列因素与IRPA感染有关:高龄、住院时间≥4周、高急性生理和慢性健康状况(APACHEⅡ)评分、慢性肺部疾病(慢性阻塞性肺疾病COPD/支气管扩张)、分离出IRPA前2周用过亚胺培南/美罗培南、早期联用抗生素、院内获得性肺炎(HAP)。多因素Logistic回归分析表明:长程住院［比值比(OR)= 14.887］,APACHEⅡ评分≥16分(OR=38.908)以及分离出IRPA前2周用过亚胺培南/美罗培南(OR =12.945)是IRPA感染的独立危险因素。结论:长程住院、APACHEⅡ评分≥16分以及亚胺培南/美罗培南的使用是IRPA感染的危险因素。IRPA对阿米卡星敏感率相对较高,但治疗难度大。Abstract: Objective: To study the infection status and risk factors of nosocomial infection caused by imipenemresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (IRPA) in elderly patients. Methods: By a casecontrol study, the data of 32 cases of IRPA nosocomial infections were analyzed from Jan. 2006. to Dec. 2008 in cadres Ward of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital; 48 cases of Imipenemsensitive pseudomonas aeruginosa infection were randomized as control. Univariate analysis (T test and chisquare test )and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used for statistics. Results: The resistance to antibiotics of IRPA is much higher than the sensitive group.81.3％ of IRPA were sensitive to amikacin. According to univariate analysis,the factors associated with the infection caused by IRPA were age, length of stay in hospital more than 4 weeks, high score of APACHEⅡ, chronic pulmonary disease (COPD/bronchiectasis),imipenem/meropenem used 2 weeks before isolation of IRPA, early combination therapy of antibiotics and hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified three independent factors: Length of stay in hospital more than 4 weeks, APACHEⅡ score≥16 and imipenem/meropenem used 2 weeks before isolation of IRPA. Conclusion: Long length of stay in hospital, APACHEⅡ score ≥16 and previous imipenem/meropenem use were independent risk factors for IRPA infection. Although the sensitivity of IRPA to amikacin was relatively high, it was difficult to treat in clinical practice.
摘要:目的:探讨老年慢性硬膜下血肿术后脑梗死的发病特点及防治措施。方法:总结分析21例老年慢性硬膜下血肿术后出现脑梗死患者。结果:多数患者具有高血压、高血脂、冠心病及糖尿病等多个脑梗死高危因素。术后脑梗死发生于术后1周内者18例,其中3天以内者16例;脑梗死发生于手术区域附近者14例,非手术区域附近者7例,其中5例的脑梗死发生于上述两个区域。结论:脑梗死发病的高危因素是颅脑术后脑梗死发生的主要原因。Abstract: Objective: To investigate and search for the causes of cerebral infarction after operation for subdural hematoma in senile patients and discuss the remedies for its prevention. Methods: Twentyone senile patients with cerebral infarction after operation for subdural hematoma were reviewed retrospectively. Results: Most of the patients were found to be suffered with several risk factors of cerebral infarction such as hypertension, coronary cardiac diseases, diabetes mellitus and so on. Eighteen cases of infarctions occurred within a week after operation, including 16 cases within 3 days. Fourteen cases of the infarctions located in regions around the operative field, while 7 cases in non operation related area, and 5 cases in both areas. Conclusions: Risk factors of cerebral infarction were the main causes to result in cerebral infarction after operation for subdural hematoma.
Objective To investigate the correlated risk factors of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) after the laparoscopic surgery. Methods Clinical records of 16 patients with DVT and 148 patients without DVT after laparoscopic surgery in Huashan hospital from Mar.2007 to Jan.2008 were analyzed retrospectively. Results There were several factors which could induce DVT after the laparoscopic surgery, including operation time ＞1 h 〔OR=4.15 （95% CI： 1.36-12.68）〕, operative site located in hypogastrium 〔OR=2.94 （95% CI： 1.07-8.08）〕 and the number of high risk factors ≥3 〔OR=3.94 （95% CI： 1.38-11.23）〕. Conclusions The long time of operation， hypogastric operation of laparoscopic surgery and high risk factors could induce DVT. Prevention measures should be made in preoperative period.
ObjectiveTo investigate the significance of using the term "high-normal blood pressure" and its intervention in the early stage. MethodsIn 1992 and 2007, we performed two similar investigations focusing on cardiovascular risk factors in 711 people in Chengdu city. Since 114 individuals were diagnosed with hypertension, 597 people without hypertension were eligible and divided into two groups:the normal-pressure[<120/80 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)] group and the high-normal blood pressure (systolic blood pressure 120-139 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure 80-89 mm Hg) group. Data in the two investigations were compared to explore the relationship among high-normal blood pressure, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and hypertension. ResultsThe high-normal blood pressure group had a higher level of CVD risk factors both in 1992 and 2007, and the 15-year cumulative incidence of hypertension in the high-normal blood pressure group was higher than that of normal-pressure group (91.2% vs. 22.2%, P<0.001). After adjusting for serum lipid, body weight and other CVD risk factors, high-normal blood pressure could predict the progression into hypertension[HR=5.354, 95% CI (4.094, 7.002), P=0.001]. There was no statistics difference in CVD prevalence in the two groups in 1992, but in 2007 the prevalence of CVD tended to be higher in the high-normal blood pressure group (6.6% vs. 3.1%, P=0.052). ConclusionHigh-normal blood pressure is a special stage of blood pressure with high level of CVD risk factors and high potential to progress into hypertension. The term should be emphasized and intervention should be done in the early stage for high-normal blood pressure people to prevent from hypertension and CVD.